Container Licenses

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Overview

IBM Certified Containers

Containers are lightweight and portable executable units (images) of software in which application code is packaged, along with its libraries and dependencies.

IBM Certified Containers meet standard criteria for packaging and deployment of containerized software with platform integrations and can be run on any supported Kubernetes orchestration environment anywhere─on desktops, traditional IT infrastructures or Cloud.

For all IBM Certified Containers, you must acquire entitlements equal to the license requirements (as derived in the vCPU Capacity Counting Methodology for IBM Programs section) and measured by the IBM License Service.

IBM Cloud Paks

IBM Cloud Paks® are integrated software solutions built on the Red Hat® open hybrid cloud platform enabling build once and deploy anywhere.

IBM Cloud Paks streamline container deployment and management and enable portability and consistent governance across infrastructures with the Red Hat OpenShift Container Platform (OCP) that builds on top of the open source Kubernetes orchestration technology.

For all IBM Cloud Paks deployed in containers, you must acquire entitlements equal to the license requirements (as derived in the vCPU Capacity Counting Methodology for IBM Programs section) and measured by the IBM License Service multiplied by the required Cloud Pak conversion ratio. Note: If the ratio is not specified, it is assumed to be 1:1.

Notes

With the release of IBM Passport Advantage Agreements on 01 February 2023, Container Licensing terms have been integrated into the applicable sections of the Agreement without the need to sign a separate Addendum for clients on these revised terms.

Note: New terms for existing PA clients are effective 01 May 2023.

Go to what you should know about revised Passport Advantage Agreements to learn more.

If you are on IPAA version 10 or older, a Container Licensing addendum is required

Go to IBM Terms to download the Addendum to Quotation Terms Special Option for Container Licensing for guidance on the

  • Compliance & Reporting
  • Use of the IBM License Service

This guidance supports Virtual Processor Core (VPC) or Processor Value Units (PVU) core-based containerized Products supported by IBM License Service deployed with Kubernetes orchestration.

  • The vCPU capacity* of a pod* is the sum of the CPU limits* for all containers within that pod. Pods with vCPU capacity less than one core will be counted as fractions.
  • Within a worker node*, when the total vCPU capacity for all pods of an IBM Program exceeds the worker node capacity, the vCPU capacity is equal to the worker node capacity.
  • vCPU capacity for an IBM Program will be aggregated at the cluster level* and any fractional values rounded up to the nearest whole integer.
  • For IBM Cloud Paks and other IBM Programs that are Bundled Solutions of multiple products with license ratios, the counting methodology applies to each Bundled Product

Definitions

  • Cluster - A set of worker machines, called nodes, that run containerized applications. Every cluster has at least one worker node.
  • Container - A lightweight and portable executable image that contains software and all of its dependencies.
  • CPU limit - Provides constraints to limit resource consumption per Containers in a namespace via the use of the Kubernetes CPU limits property “resources.limits.cpu.”
  • Namespace - An abstraction used by Kubernetes to support multiple virtual clusters on the same physical cluster.
  • Pod - The smallest and simplest Kubernetes object. A Pod represents a set of running containers on your cluster.
  • VPC (Virtual Processor Core) & PVU (Processor Value Unit) - Units of measure by which Programs can be licensed (see VPC & PVU in Containers sections below for full definitions). For the purposes of this guidance, 1 VPC is equal to 1 vCPU and 70 PVUs is equal to 1 vCPU.
  • vCPU capacity - The total number of vCPUs available to a Pod as defined by the counting methodology (below). Please note: Any pod which contains a container without a CPU limit is considered to have vCPU capacity equal to the worker node capacity.
  • Worker node - A worker node is a node that provides a containerized environment for running tasks. As demands increase, more worker nodes can be added to your cluster to improve performance and efficiency. A cluster can contain any number of worker nodes, but a minimum of one worker node is required.
  • Worker node capacity – The total capacity available to the worker node, measured by either virtual cores or physical cores, as reported by Kubernetes API.

  • Support for Simultaneous multithreading (SMT) or Hyperthreading (HT): IBM License Service output will be adjusted for worker nodes which have Hyperthreading or SMT variants SMT2, SMT4 and SMT8 enabled.* As such,
    • 2 vCPUs per 1 core as 1 VPC or 70 PVUs for license counting purposes if Hyperthreading or SMT2 is enabled (e.g., 8 vCPUs is counted as 4 vCPUs).
    • 4 vCPUs per 1 core as 1 VPC or 70 PVUs for license counting purposes if SMT4 is enabled (e.g., 16 vCPUs is counted as 4 vCPUs).
    • 8 vCPUs per 1 core as 1 VPC or 70 PVUs for license counting purposes if SMT8 is enabled (e.g., 32 vCPUs is counted as 4 vCPUs).
    • For clusters, with mixed/different SMT levels, the lowest factor is applied. E.g.: some nodes use SMT4 and some other use SMT8, factor of 4 will be used for this cluster’s license calculation. Identification of the HT/SMT status is to be done manually and assigned at a cluster level.
      As a note: Until an automatic adjustment functionality is integrated into IBM License Service, the adjustment is to be made manually to the IBM License Service output. Once the functionality is available, users are to ensure that they are on the latest version of IBM License Service and their clusters are configured as described in the product documentation.

*For x86, Hyperthreading/SMT must be enabled on physical level

  • For some IBM Programs, configuration options and user activities can increase the license requirement due to additional workload being created.
  • Customer must license all workload created by IBM Program, including workload resulting from changes in product configuration and dynamically created workload generated by user activity.
  • Customers are responsible for licensing Red Hat OpenShift subscriptions in accordance with Red Hat’s licensing agreement. Please refer to each IBM Cloud Pak’s licensing information document for more information.
  • Customers are responsible for controlling license demand through a combination of Red Hat® OpenShift® capabilities such as namespace* quotas and IBM Program specific capabilities such as deployment options and scaling controls. For IBM Program specific information on controlling license demand, refer to the corresponding IBM Program documentation.
  • The preset resources.limits.cpu settings that ship with each Program are used in all QA, performance testing, etc. While IBM does not recommend modifying these settings, if you should choose to do so, please first consult the product documentation to understand the acceptable documented ranges for your Programs.

Note: If you have questions about licensing requirements, please contact your IBM representative for additional support.

To take advantage of container licensing, IBM License Service must be used to track license usage and determine your required entitlement. There are no exceptions to this rule.

The IBM License Service is the only accepted tool for license usage tracking and reporting container licensing. It is:

  • contained in each IBM Cloud Pak’s services
  • available for download for use in IBM Certified Containers by contacting talk2sam@us.ibm.com (or product support). Customers should verify whether IBM License Service is installed and configured correctly when deploying their containerized Programs

Available vCPU capacity will be polled at frequent intervals (≤ 30 minutes) throughout each day and processed where the maximum value from intraday calculations determine daily available vCPU capacity.

It is essential that you use and maintain the license usage tracking tool (IBM License Service: see below) included in each of the Cloud Pak services. This service will track license usage and determine your required entitlement needs.