During the first stage, stakeholders assess the need for an asset, its projected value to the organization and its projected cost. They formulate a plan for how an asset will be operated and maintained and carefully consider any risks associated with the assets acquisition. Risks can vary depending on the type of asset and organization but typically include the likelihood of technological advancements that might make an asset redundant, i the likelihood of failure and/or replacement, and the availability of resources needed to operate an assett such as fuel and/or parts.  

Valuation: It’s important to carefully gauge the overall value of any asset to an organization. In order to do this, decision-makers will need to take into account an assets likely length of useful life along with its projected performance over time. With the amount of information available today through the Internet of Things (IoT), one technique that is becoming increasingly valuable during the valuation part of the planning stage is the creation of a digital twin of an asset that is under consideration.

Creation of a digital twin: A digital twin is a virtual representation of an asset that allows operators to run tests and predict performance based on simulations. With a good digital twin, decision makers can know how well an asset is likely to perform under the conditions they will subject it to. According to a recent report by Mind Commerce (2), digital twin technology is likely to emerge as a business imperative in the near future, forming the foundation of businesses in the “connected IoT era” with its advanced asset monitoring capabilities. 

The next stage is the purchase, transportation and installation of the asset. One of the most critical pieces to consider during this stage is how the new asset will fare within the overall ecosystem of the larger organization. As an asset is put into operation, how will it be integrated with other assets? How will it fit in to an organization's existing inventory management plan? How will its data be shared? All these questions must be answered as part of an overall plan to optimize the asset and keep it performing at peak levels.

The objective of asset lifecycle management should always be to maximize the performance of a new physical or digital asset by monitoring it for problems and performing preventive maintenance. Enterprise asset management systems, or EAMs, have fast become the preferred and most effective way of acccomplishing this.

Enterprise asset management (EAM)

EAM is a method of asset lifecycle management that combines software, systems and services to lengthen asset lifespan and increase productivity. A computerized management system, or CMMS, is a typical component of EAM that monitors assets in real-time and helps recommend maintenance when necessary. Top performing EAM systems not only monitor an asset’s performance but also maintain a historical record of its activity including critical information such as when it was purchased and how much its maintenance has cost an organization over time.

Computerized maintenance management system (CMMS)

A computerized maintenance management system, or CMMS, is a type of asset management software that maintains a database of an organization’s maintenance operations and helps extend the asset lifespan. Many industries rely on CMMS as a component of EAM as well as their overall maintenance ecosystem. These industries include manufacturing, oil and gas production, power generation, construction, and transportation.

Asset tracking

Technological advances have made the tracking of assets and the measuring of asset performance and location in real-time a crucial part of asset lifecycle management. Types of asset tracking systems include radio frequency identifier tags (RFIDs), QR codes, WiFi and global positioning satellite (GPS).

Radio frequency identifier tags (RFID): RFID tags are small tags affixed to assets that broadcast a variety of information about them using radio-frequency signals and Bluetooth technology. They can transmit the temperature and humidity of an environament along with an assets precise indoor location and an abundance of other vital data.

WiFi enabled tracking: WiFi enabled tracking systems use a tag affixed to an asset that broadcasts information over a local WiFi network. Like RFIDs, WiFi enabled tracking is only effective as long as an asset is indoors and within range of a WiFi network.

QR codes: QR codes are a significant upgrade on their predecessor, the universal barcode. Like the barcode they can provide an abundance of information on their asset quickly and easily, but unlike barcodes they are two-dimensional and can be read by something as common as a smartphone from any angle.

Global positioning satellites (GPS): Many businesses use global positioning satellites to monitor an assets location in transit. A tracker is placed on the asset that then communicates with the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) network. By transmitting a signal to a satellite, trackers enable managers can see where an asset is, anywhere on the globe, in real-time.

To properly deal with an assets’ depreciation over time, decision-makers must consider a strategy for its eventual disposal and replacement. Valuable assets can be complex and markets are always shifting so it’s important to consider the overall return on investment an asset is yielding as it nears the end of its life. Decision-makers will want to take into consideration the assets’ uptime, its projected lifespan, the shifting costs of fuel and/or spare parts needed to run it and of course the overall value of the tasks its performing for the organization when deciding whether or not to retire it.  

As AI and ML continue to evolve and become more and more advanced, they are being tasked with more complex missions across the asset lifecycle, including:

• Predictive and prescriptive maintenance: AI and ML are playing crucial roles in predictive and preventive maintenance, using asset information to recommend repairs that help reduce costs and downtime for organizations.
• Parts management and inventory: Using information about an asset’s repair history pared with knowledge of an organizations current inventory of spare parts, AI and ML tools can make recommendations on which parts to replace and when based on their availability.

AR and VR technologies are helping organizations with asset lifecycle management by performing a variety of tasks including:

• Technical training and education: AR and VR technologies have gotten advanced enough that they can train workers to perform tasks as complex as piloting a plane or as simple as fixing a leaky valve. 
• On-site diagnostics: Enhancing diagnostic capabilities with AR and VR technologies is becoming more and more commonplace among workers who need to take regular readings, assess damage and schedule maintenance. 
• Site safety: AR and VR capabilities enable workers repairing equipment to receive real-time safety alerts no matter where they are or what kind of work they are performing. 
• Remote work: With AR and VR capabilities in the field, workers repairing equipment at a remote location have access to the same information they would in their office.

Increasingly, robotics and drones are being used to perform a variety of tasks that were previously performed by maintenance workers enabling them to re-focus their skills on higher value work for their organizations. These tasks include:

• Site and equipment inspections: Robotics and drones can perform routine inspections of equipment and facilities that were previously done by employees. 
• Repairs in dangerous locations: Robotics and drones equipped with maintenance capabilities can perform repairs on equipment housed in dangerous locations such as dams, underwater pipelines, highly trafficked roads, radio towers and more. 
• Sensor readings: Readings on pumps, pipes, tanks and other critical pieces of equipment and infrastructure used to rely on the physical checking of gauges by workers. Now that work is done increasingly by robotics and drones that can take temperature readings, test levels and components, and perform other data-gathering tasks that critical to managers and maintenance workers.