MOVEL (Move Left)

Free-Form Syntax not allowed - use EVAL, or built-in functions such as %CHAR, %DATE, %DEC , %DECH, %GRAPH, %INT, %INTH, %TIME, %TIMESTAMP , %UCS2, %UNS, or %UNSH
Code Factor 1 Factor 2 Result Field Indicators
MOVEL (P) Data Attributes Source field Target field + - ZB

The MOVEL operation transfers characters from factor 2 to the result field. Moving begins with the leftmost character in factor 2. You cannot specify resulting indicators if the result field is an array. You can specify them if the result field is an array element, or a non-array field.

When data is moved to a numeric field, the sign (+ or -) of the result field is retained except when factor 2 is as long as or longer than the result field. In this case, the sign of factor 2 is used as the sign of the result field.

Factor 1 can contain a date or time format to specify the format of a character or numeric field that is the source or target of the operation.For information on the formats that can be used see Date Data Type, Time Data Type, and Timestamp Data Type.

If the source or target is a character field, you may optionally indicate the separator following the format in factor 1. Only separators that are valid for that format are allowed.

If factor 2 is *DATE or UDATE and the result is a Date field, factor 1 is not required. If factor 1 contains a date format it must be compatible with the format of *DATE or UDATE in factor 2 as specified by the DATEDIT keyword on the control specification.

If factor 2 is longer than the result field, the excess rightmost characters of factor 2 are not moved. If the result field is longer than factor 2, the excess rightmost characters in the result field are unchanged, unless padding is specified.

Float numeric fields and literals are not allowed as Factor 2 or Result-Field entries.

If factor 2 is UCS-2 and the result field is character, or if factor 2 is character and the result field is UCS-2, the number of characters moved is variable since the character data may or may not contain shift characters and graphic characters. For example, five UCS-2 characters can convert to:

If the resulting data is too long to fit the result field, the data will be truncated. If the result is single-byte character, it is the responsibility of the user to ensure that the result contains complete characters, and contains matched SO/SI pairs.

The MOVEL operation is summarized in Figure 347.

A summary of the rules for MOVEL operation for four conditions based on field lengths:

  1. Factor 2 is the same length as the result field:
    1. If factor 2 and the result field are numeric, the sign is moved into the rightmost position.
    2. If factor 2 is numeric and the result field is character, the sign is moved into the rightmost position.
    3. If factor 2 is character and the result field is numeric, a minus zone is moved into the rightmost position of the result field if the zone from the rightmost position of factor 2 is a hexadecimal D (minus zone). However, if the zone from the rightmost position of factor 2 is not a hexadecimal D, a positive zone is moved into the rightmost position of the result field. Digit portions are converted to their corresponding numeric characters. If the digit portions are not valid digits, a data exception error occurs.
    4. If factor 2 and the result field are character, all characters are moved.
    5. If factor 2 and the result field are both graphic or UCS-2, all graphic or UCS-2 characters are moved.
    6. If factor 2 is graphic and the result field is character, one graphic character will be lost, because 2 positions (bytes) in the character result field will be used to hold the SO/SI inserted by the compiler.
    7. If factor 2 is character and the result field is graphic, the factor 2 character data must be completely enclosed by one single pair of SO/SI. The SO/SI will be removed by the compiler before moving the data to the graphic result field.
  2. Factor 2 is longer than the result field:
    1. If factor 2 and the result field are numeric, the sign from the rightmost position of factor 2 is moved into the rightmost position of the result field.
    2. If factor 2 is numeric and the result field is character, the result field contains only numeric characters.
    3. If factor 2 is character and the result field is numeric, a minus zone is moved into the rightmost position of the result field if the zone from the rightmost position of factor 2 is a hexadecimal D (minus zone). However, if the zone from the rightmost position of factor 2 is not a hexadecimal D, a positive zone is moved into the rightmost position of the result field. Other result field positions contain only numeric characters.
    4. If factor 2 and the result field are character, only the number of characters needed to fill the result field are moved.
    5. If factor 2 and the result field are graphic or UCS-2, only the number of graphic or UCS-2 characters needed to fill the result field are moved.
    6. If factor 2 is graphic and the result field is character, the graphic data will be truncated and SO/SI will be inserted by the compiler.
    7. If factor 2 is character and the result is graphic, the character data will be truncated. The character data must be completely enclosed by one single pair of SO/SI.
  3. Factor 2 is shorter than the result field:
    1. If factor 2 is either numeric or character and the result field is numeric, the digit portion of factor 2 replaces the contents of the leftmost positions of the result field. The sign in the rightmost position of the result field is not changed.
    2. If factor 2 is either numeric or character and the result field is character data, the characters in factor 2 replace the equivalent number of leftmost positions in the result field. No change is made in the zone of the rightmost position of the result field.
    3. If factor 2 is graphic and the result field is character, the SO/SI are added immediately before and after the graphic data. This may cause unbalanced SO/SI in the character field due to residual data in the field, but this is users' responsibility.
    4. Notice that when moving from a character to graphic field, the entire character field should be enclosed in SO/SI. For example, if the character field length is 8, the character data in the field should be "oAABB  i" and not "oAABBi  ".
  4. Factor 2 is shorter than the result field and P is specified in the operation extender field:
    1. The move is performed as described above.
    2. The result field is padded from the right. See Move Operations for more information on the rules for padding.

When moving variable-length character, graphic, or UCS-2 data, the variable-length field works in exactly the same way as a fixed-length field with the same current length. A MOVEL operation does not change the length of a variable-length result field. For examples, see Figures Figure 350 to Figure 355.

For further information on the MOVEL operation, see Move Operations, Date Operations, or Conversion Operations.

Figure 347. MOVEL Operation
Figure 348. MOVEL between character and graphic fields 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
D
 *
 * Example of MOVEL between graphic and character fields
 *
D char_fld1      S              8A   inz(' ')
D dbcs_fld1      S              4G   inz('oAABBCCDDi')
D char_fld2      S              4A   inz(' ')
D dbcs_fld2      S              3G   inz(G'oAABBCCi')
D char_fld3      S             10A   inz(*ALL'X')
D dbcs_fld3      S              3G   inz(G'oAABBCCi')
D char_fld4      S             10A   inz('oAABBCC  i')
D dbcs_fld4      S              2G
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiLoEq..
 *
 *  The result field length is equal to the factor 2 length in bytes.
 *  One DBCS character is lost due to insertion of SO/SI.
 *  Value of char_fld1 after MOVEL operation is 'oAABBCCi'
 *
C                   MOVEL     dbcs_fld1     char_fld1
 *
 *  Result field length shorter than factor 2 length. Truncation occurs.
 *  Value of char_fld2 after MOVEL operation is 'oAAi'
 *
C                   MOVEL     dbcs_fld2     char_fld2
 *
 *  Result field length longer than factor 2 length. Example shows
 *  SO/SI are added immediately before and after graphic data.
 *  Before the MOVEL, Result Field contains 'XXXXXXXXXX'
 *  Value of char_fld3 after MOVEL operation is 'oAABBCCiXX'
 *
C                   MOVEL     dbcs_fld3     char_fld3
 *
 *  Character to Graphic MOVEL
 *  Result Field shorter than Factor 2. Truncation occurs.
 *  Value of dbcs_fld4 after MOVEL operation is 'AABB'
 *
C                   MOVEL     char_fld4     dbcs_fld4
Figure 349. MOVEL between character and date fields 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
HKeywords+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL between character and date fields
 *
 *  Control specification date format
H DATFMT(*MDY)
 *
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
D datefld        S               D   INZ(D'04/15/96')
D char_fld1      S              8A
D char_fld2      S             10A   INZ('XXXXXXXXXX')
D char_fld3      S             10A   INZ('04/15/96XX')
D date_fld3      S               D
D char_fld4      S             10A   INZ('XXXXXXXXXX')

D char_fld5      S              9A   INZ('015/04/50')
D date_fld2      S               D   INZ(D'11/16/10')
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+H1LoEq..
 * Date to Character MOVEL
 * The result field length is equal to the factor 2 length.  Value of
 * char_fld1 after the MOVEL operation is '04/15/96'.
C     *MDY          MOVEL     datefld       char_fld1
 * Date to Character MOVEL
 * The result field length is longer than the factor 2 length.
 * Before MOVEL, result field contains 'XXXXXXXXXX'
 * Value of char_fld2 after the MOVEL operation is '04/15/96XX'.
C     *MDY          MOVEL     datefld       char_fld2
 * Character to Date MOVEL
 * The result field length is shorter than the factor 2 length.
 * Value of date_fld3 after the MOVEL operation is '04/15/96'.
C     *MDY          MOVEL     char_fld3     date_fld3
 * Date to Character MOVEL (no separators)
 * The result field length is longer than the factor 2 length.
 * Before MOVEL, result field contains 'XXXXXXXXXX'
 * Value of char_fld4 after the MOVEL operation is '041596XXXX'.
C     *MDY0         MOVEL     datefld       char_fld4
 *  Character to date MOVEL
 *  The result field length is equal to the factor 2 length.
 *  The value of date_fld3 after the move is 04/15/50.
C     *CDMY         MOVEL     char_fld5     date_fld3
 *  Date to character MOVEL (no separators)
 *  The result field length is longer than the factor 2 length.
 *  The value of char_fld4 after the move is '2010320XXX'.
C     *LONGJUL0     MOVEL     date_fld2     char_fld4
Figure 350. MOVEL from a variable-length field to a variable-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL from variable to variable length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5a          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var5b          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var5c          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15a         S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D var15b         S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL     var15a        var5a
 * var5a = 'FGHDE' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL     var10         var5b
 * var5b = '01234' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL     var5c         var15a
 * var15a = 'ABC' (length=3)
C                   MOVEL     var10         var15b
 * var15b = '012' (length=3)
Figure 351. MOVEL from a variable-length field to fixed-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL from variable to fixed length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5           S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15          S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D fix5a          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
D fix5b          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
D fix5c          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
D fix10          S             10A   INZ('')
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL     var5          fix5a
 * fix5a = 'ABCDE'
C                   MOVEL     var10         fix5b
 * fix5b = '01234'
C                   MOVEL     var15         fix5c
 * fix5c = 'FGHPQ'
Figure 352. MOVEL from a fixed-length field to variable-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL from fixed to variable length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5           S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15a         S             15A   INZ('FGHIJKLMNOPQR') VARYING
D var15b         S             15A   INZ('WXYZ') VARYING
D fix10          S             10A   INZ('PQRSTUVWXY')
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL     fix10         var5
 * var5 = 'PQRST' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL     fix10         var10
 * var10 = 'PQRSTUVWXY' (length=10)
C                   MOVEL     fix10         var15a
 * var15a = 'PQRSTUVWXYPQR' (length=13)
C                   MOVEL     fix10         var15b
 * var15b = 'PQRS' (length=4)
Figure 353. MOVEL(P) from a variable-length field to a variable-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL(P) from variable to variable length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5a          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var5b          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var5c          S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15a         S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D var15b         S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D var15c         S             15A   INZ('FGHIJKLMN') VARYING
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL(P)  var15a        var5a
 * var5a = 'FGH  ' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL(P)  var10         var5b
 * var5b = '01234' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL(P)  var5c         var15b
 * var15b = 'ABC' (length=3)
C                   MOVEL(P)  var15a        var15c
 * var15c = 'FGH      ' (length=9)
Figure 354. MOVEL(P) from a variable-length field to fixed-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL(P) from variable to fixed length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5           S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15          S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D fix5a          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
D fix5b          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
D fix5c          S              5A   INZ('MNOPQ')
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL(P)  var5          fix5a
 * fix5a = 'ABCDE'
C                   MOVEL(P)  var10         fix5b
 * fix5b = '01234'
C                   MOVEL(P)  var15         fix5c
 * fix5c = 'FGH  '
Figure 355. MOVEL(P) from a fixed-length field to variable-length field 
*...1....+....2....+....3....+....4....+....5....+....6....+....7....+....
DName++++++++++ETDsFrom+++To/L+++IDc.Functions+++++++++++++++++++
 *
 * Example of MOVEL(P) from fixed to variable length
 * for character fields
 *
D var5           S              5A   INZ('ABCDE') VARYING
D var10          S             10A   INZ('0123456789') VARYING
D var15a         S             15A   INZ('FGHIJKLMNOPQR') VARYING
D var15b         S             15A   INZ('FGH') VARYING
D fix5           S             10A   INZ('.....')
D fix10          S             10A   INZ('PQRSTUVWXY')
 *
 *
CL0N01Factor1+++++++Opcode(E)+Factor2+++++++Result++++++++Len++D+HiL
 *
C                   MOVEL(P)  fix10         var5
 * var5 = 'PQRST' (length=5)
C                   MOVEL(P)  fix5          var10
 * var10 = '.....     ' (length=10)
C                   MOVEL(P)  fix10         var15a
 * var15a = 'PQRSTUVWXY   ' (length=13)
C                   MOVEL(P)  fix10         var15b
 * var15b = 'PQR' (length=3)

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