Security Bulletin: Vulnerabilities addressed in IBM Watson OpenScale

Security Bulletin

Summary

Multiple vulnerabilities have been identified in IBM Watson OpenScale. The vulnerabilities affect the versions listed in the Affected Products and Versions section and have been addressed in the corresponding versions. Refer to the Vulnerability Details and Remediation/Fixes sections for additional information.

Vulnerability Details

CVEID: CVE-2023-34453
DESCRIPTION: snappy-java is a fast compressor/decompressor for Java. Due to unchecked multiplications, an integer overflow may occur in versions prior to 1.1.10.1, causing a fatal error. The function `shuffle(int[] input)` in the file `BitShuffle.java` receives an array of integers and applies a bit shuffle on it. It does so by multiplying the length by 4 and passing it to the natively compiled shuffle function. Since the length is not tested, the multiplication by four can cause an integer overflow and become a smaller value than the true size, or even zero or negative. In the case of a negative value, a `java.lang.NegativeArraySizeException` exception will raise, which can crash the program. In a case of a value that is zero or too small, the code that afterwards references the shuffled array will assume a bigger size of the array, which might cause exceptions such as `java.lang.ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException`. The same issue exists also when using the `shuffle` functions that receive a double, float, long and short, each using a different multiplier that may cause the same issue. Version 1.1.10.1 contains a patch for this vulnerability.
CWE: CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-34454
DESCRIPTION: snappy-java is a fast compressor/decompressor for Java. Due to unchecked multiplications, an integer overflow may occur in versions prior to 1.1.10.1, causing an unrecoverable fatal error. The function `compress(char[] input)` in the file `Snappy.java` receives an array of characters and compresses it. It does so by multiplying the length by 2 and passing it to the rawCompress` function. Since the length is not tested, the multiplication by two can cause an integer overflow and become negative. The rawCompress function then uses the received length and passes it to the natively compiled maxCompressedLength function, using the returned value to allocate a byte array. Since the maxCompressedLength function treats the length as an unsigned integer, it doesn’t care that it is negative, and it returns a valid value, which is casted to a signed integer by the Java engine. If the result is negative, a `java.lang.NegativeArraySizeException` exception will be raised while trying to allocate the array `buf`. On the other side, if the result is positive, the `buf` array will successfully be allocated, but its size might be too small to use for the compression, causing a fatal Access Violation error. The same issue exists also when using the `compress` functions that receive double, float, int, long and short, each using a different multiplier that may cause the same issue. The issue most likely won’t occur when using a byte array, since creating a byte array of size 0x80000000 (or any other negative value) is impossible in the first place. Version 1.1.10.1 contains a patch for this issue.
CWE: CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-34455
DESCRIPTION: snappy-java is a fast compressor/decompressor for Java. Due to use of an unchecked chunk length, an unrecoverable fatal error can occur in versions prior to 1.1.10.1. The code in the function hasNextChunk in the fileSnappyInputStream.java checks if a given stream has more chunks to read. It does that by attempting to read 4 bytes. If it wasn’t possible to read the 4 bytes, the function returns false. Otherwise, if 4 bytes were available, the code treats them as the length of the next chunk. In the case that the `compressed` variable is null, a byte array is allocated with the size given by the input data. Since the code doesn’t test the legality of the `chunkSize` variable, it is possible to pass a negative number (such as 0xFFFFFFFF which is -1), which will cause the code to raise a `java.lang.NegativeArraySizeException` exception. A worse case would happen when passing a huge positive value (such as 0x7FFFFFFF), which would raise the fatal `java.lang.OutOfMemoryError` error. Version 1.1.10.1 contains a patch for this issue.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-43642
DESCRIPTION: snappy-java is a Java port of the snappy, a fast C++ compresser/decompresser developed by Google. The SnappyInputStream was found to be vulnerable to Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when decompressing data with a too large chunk size. Due to missing upper bound check on chunk length, an unrecoverable fatal error can occur. All versions of snappy-java including the latest released version 1.1.10.3 are vulnerable to this issue. A fix has been introduced in commit `9f8c3cf74` which will be included in the 1.1.10.4 release. Users are advised to upgrade. Users unable to upgrade should only accept compressed data from trusted sources.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9071
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by sending a specially-crafted request. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause the server to consume memory resources.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47244
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, DefaultHttp2Connection.DefaultEndpoint initialises maxActiveStreams/maxStreams to Integer.MAX_VALUE, and Http2Settings never inserts SETTINGS_MAX_CONCURRENT_STREAMS by default (Http2Settings.java:305-307 only clamps a user-supplied value). Unless the application explicitly calls initialSettings().maxConcurrentStreams(n), a Netty HTTP/2 server advertises no limit and enforces none locally. Each open stream allocates a DefaultStream object, PropertyMap slots, flow-controller state and IntObjectHashMap entry; with ~2^30 permissible odd stream IDs a single TCP connection can create hundreds of thousands of long-lived stream objects. This is also the precondition for CVE-2023-44487-style Rapid-Reset amplification, where the absence of a low concurrent cap multiplies backend work. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-48043
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-codec-http2 prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, the `DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener` class orchestrates HTTP/2 decompression by embedding a per-stream `EmbeddedChannel` that runs the appropriate decompression codec (gzip, deflate, zstd) and forwards decompressed chunks to a wrapped listener. Each decompressed chunk is a pooled `ByteBuf` handed to an anonymous `ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter` tail handler, which becomes the sole owner responsible for releasing it. A remote peer could send frames that would result in the flow-controller throwing and so trigger a resource leak which at the end might take down the whole JVM due OOME. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-56819
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.15.Final and 4.1.0.Final through 4.1.135.Final, a remote unauthenticated peer can leak one direct `ByteBuf` per HTTP/2 `DATA` frame in applications that enable HTTP/2 content decompression via `DelegatingDecompressorFrameListener`. When a `DATA` frame is processed for a stream whose decompressor has already been closed, `Http2Decompressor.decompress(...)` calls `decompressor.writeInbound(data.retain())` and does not release the retained buffer on the error path, eventually exhausting direct memory and crashing the JVM. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54058
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, when Pillow loads an uncompressed McIdas AREA image from a filename through the mmap raw codec path, attacker-controlled header words can set a row stride smaller than the natural row width, causing pixel access such as Image.tobytes(), getpixel, convert, or save to read beyond the mapped region and disclose adjacent process memory or fault. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54059
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/PcfFontFile.py _load_bitmaps() read glyph dimensions from the PCF METRICS section and passed them directly to Image.frombytes() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing crafted PCF font data to cause excessive memory allocation. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54060
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/FontFile.py FontFile.compile() assembled per-glyph images into a combined bitmap with Image.new("1", (xsize, ysize)) without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a font to trigger excessive allocation during conversion or saving. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-55379
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/BdfFontFile.py bdf_char() read the BBX width and height field from a BDF font file and passed attacker-controlled dimensions to Image.new() without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), bypassing Pillow's documented decompression bomb protection and allowing excessive memory allocation. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-55380
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, PIL/GdImageFile.py GdImageFile._open() read image dimensions from the GD 2.x header and stored them in self._size without calling Image._decompression_bomb_check(), allowing a crafted .gd file to trigger excessive C-heap allocation when loaded. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-55798
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, WindowsViewer.get_command() constructed a cmd.exe shell command by directly embedding a file path into an f-string without escaping and passed the result to subprocess.Popen(..., shell=True), allowing shell metacharacters in the file path to inject arbitrary cmd.exe commands. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 4.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59197
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's public rank-filter API can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given a very large odd filter size because ImageFilter.RankFilter.filter() calls image.expand(size // 2, size // 2) before rank-filter size validation and ImagingExpand() computes output dimensions with unchecked signed int arithmetic. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.2
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59198
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.2.0 until 12.3.0, Pillow's TGA RLE encoder reads past its packed row buffer when saving a mode 1 image with TGA RLE compression, allowing adjacent process heap bytes to be copied into the generated TGA file. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59199
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow public image coordinate APIs can trigger a native heap out-of-bounds write when given coordinates near the signed 32-bit integer limits in Image.paste(), Image.crop(), or Image.alpha_composite(). This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59200
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 5.1.0 until 12.3.0, PdfParser.PdfStream.decode() in PIL/PdfParser.py calls zlib.decompress() with bufsize set to the PDF stream Length field without bounding the decompressed output size, allowing a crafted FlateDecode PDF stream to exhaust memory from a small file. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59203
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 12.0.0 through 12.2.0, Pillow's EPS parser in PIL/EpsImagePlugin.py accepts a negative byte count in the %%BeginBinary directive, allowing a crafted EPS file to cause Image.open() to seek backwards to the same directive and parse it repeatedly in an infinite loop. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59204
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 8.2.0 through 12.2.0, src/libImaging/Jpeg2KDecode.c accumulates total_component_width across every tile in a JPEG2000 image instead of recomputing it per tile, allowing a crafted tiled JPEG2000 file to force substantially higher transient memory usage and trigger out-of-memory failures during decoding. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-789: Memory Allocation with Excessive Size Value
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59205
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Prior to 12.3.0, Pillow's ImageCms.ImageCmsTransform.apply(im, imOut) API can trigger controlled native heap corruption when the caller supplies an output image whose mode does not match the transform's declared output mode. This issue is fixed in version 12.3.0.
CWE: CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-12183
DESCRIPTION: Out-of-bounds memory operations in org.lz4:lz4-java 1.8.0 and earlier allow remote attackers to cause denial of service and read adjacent memory via untrusted compressed input.
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CVSS Source: Sonatype
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-35554
DESCRIPTION: A race condition in the Apache Kafka Java producer client’s buffer pool management can cause messages to be silently delivered to incorrect topics. When a produce batch expires due to delivery.timeout.ms while a network request containing that batch is still in flight, the batch’s ByteBuffer is prematurely deallocated and returned to the buffer pool. If a subsequent producer batch—potentially destined for a different topic—reuses this freed buffer before the original network request completes, the buffer contents may become corrupted. This can result in messages being delivered to unintended topics without any error being reported to the producer. Data Confidentiality: Messages intended for one topic may be delivered to a different topic, potentially exposing sensitive data to consumers who have access to the destination topic but not the intended source topic. Data Integrity: Consumers on the receiving topic may encounter unexpected or incompatible messages, leading to deserialization failures, processing errors, and corrupted downstream data. This issue affects Apache Kafka versions ≤ 3.9.1, ≤ 4.0.1, and ≤ 4.1.1. Kafka users are advised to upgrade to 3.9.2, 4.0.2, 4.1.2, 4.2.0, or later to address this vulnerability.
CWE: CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 8.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-32597
DESCRIPTION: PyJWT is a JSON Web Token implementation in Python. Prior to 2.12.0, PyJWT does not validate the crit (Critical) Header Parameter defined in RFC 7515 §4.1.11. When a JWS token contains a crit array listing extensions that PyJWT does not understand, the library accepts the token instead of rejecting it. This violates the MUST requirement in the RFC. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.12.0.
CWE: CWE-345: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-4923
DESCRIPTION: Impact: When using multiple wildcards, combined with at least one parameter, a regular expression can be generated that is vulnerable to ReDoS. This backtracking vulnerability requires the second wildcard to be somewhere other than the end of the path. Unsafe examples: /*foo-*bar-:baz /*a-:b-*c-:d /x/*a-:b/*c/y Safe examples: /*foo-:bar /*foo-:bar-*baz Patches: Upgrade to version 8.4.0. Workarounds: If you are using multiple wildcard parameters, you can check the regex output with a tool such as https://makenowjust-labs.github.io/recheck/playground/ to confirm whether a path is vulnerable.
CWE: CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-4926
DESCRIPTION: Impact: A bad regular expression is generated any time you have multiple sequential optional groups (curly brace syntax), such as `{a}{b}{c}:z`. The generated regex grows exponentially with the number of groups, causing denial of service. Patches: Fixed in version 8.4.0. Workarounds: Limit the number of sequential optional groups in route patterns. Avoid passing user-controlled input as route patterns.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9563
DESCRIPTION: In Eclipse Parsson published Maven Central artifacts before version 1.1.8, the JSON parser did not enforce a default maximum on the number of characters consumed while parsing a single JSON document. Applications that parse attacker- controlled JSON can be forced to consume excessive CPU and memory by processing very large documents, including large arrays, objects, strings, numbers, whitespace, or nested structures, resulting in a denial of service. Eclipse Parsson 1.1.8 introduces a configurable maximum parsing limit with a default limit of 15 million parser-consumed characters.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: emo@eclipse.org
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-31294
DESCRIPTION: Redis before 6cbea7d allows a replica to cause an assertion failure in a primary server by sending a non-administrative command (specifically, a SET command). NOTE: this was fixed for Redis 6.2.x and 7.x in 2021. Versions before 6.2 were not intended to have safety guarantees related to this.
CWE: CWE-617: Reachable Assertion
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-24842
DESCRIPTION: node-tar,a Tar for Node.js, contains a vulnerability in versions prior to 7.5.7 where the security check for hardlink entries uses different path resolution semantics than the actual hardlink creation logic. This mismatch allows an attacker to craft a malicious TAR archive that bypasses path traversal protections and creates hardlinks to arbitrary files outside the extraction directory. Version 7.5.7 contains a fix for the issue.
CWE: CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.2
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-4867
DESCRIPTION: Impact: A bad regular expression is generated any time you have three or more parameters within a single segment, separated by something that is not a period (.). For example, /:a-:b-:c or /:a-:b-:c-:d. The backtrack protection added in path-to-regexp@0.1.12 only prevents ambiguity for two parameters. With three or more, the generated lookahead does not block single separator characters, so capture groups overlap and cause catastrophic backtracking. Patches: Upgrade to path-to-regexp@0.1.13 Custom regex patterns in route definitions (e.g., /:a-:b([^-/]+)-:c([^-/]+)) are not affected because they override the default capture group. Workarounds: All versions can be patched by providing a custom regular expression for parameters after the first in a single segment. As long as the custom regular expression does not match the text before the parameter, you will be safe. For example, change /:a-:b-:c to /:a-:b([^-/]+)-:c([^-/]+). If paths cannot be rewritten and versions cannot be upgraded, another alternative is to limit the URL length.
CWE: CWE-1333: Inefficient Regular Expression Complexity
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-41907
DESCRIPTION: uuid is for the creation of RFC9562 (formerly RFC4122) UUIDs. Prior to 14.0.0, v3, v5, and v6 accept external output buffers but do not reject out-of-range writes (small buf or large offset). This allows silent partial writes into caller-provided buffers. This vulnerability is fixed in 14.0.0.
CWE: CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11897
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by sending a specially crafted request. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause the server to consume memory resources.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11536
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 is affected by a remote code execution vulnerability in the SOAP/JMX connector.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2018-10936
DESCRIPTION: A weakness was found in postgresql-jdbc before version 42.2.5. It was possible to provide an SSL Factory and not check the host name if a host name verifier was not provided to the driver. This could lead to a condition where a man-in-the-middle attacker could masquerade as a trusted server by providing a certificate for the wrong host, as long as it was signed by a trusted CA.
CWE: CWE-297: Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2020-13692
DESCRIPTION: PostgreSQL JDBC Driver (aka PgJDBC) before 42.2.13 allows XXE.
CWE: CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-21724
DESCRIPTION: pgjdbc is the offical PostgreSQL JDBC Driver. A security hole was found in the jdbc driver for postgresql database while doing security research. The system using the postgresql library will be attacked when attacker control the jdbc url or properties. pgjdbc instantiates plugin instances based on class names provided via `authenticationPluginClassName`, `sslhostnameverifier`, `socketFactory`, `sslfactory`, `sslpasswordcallback` connection properties. However, the driver did not verify if the class implements the expected interface before instantiating the class. This can lead to code execution loaded via arbitrary classes. Users using plugins are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this issue.
CWE: CWE-665: Improper Initialization
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-31197
DESCRIPTION: PostgreSQL JDBC Driver (PgJDBC for short) allows Java programs to connect to a PostgreSQL database using standard, database independent Java code. The PGJDBC implementation of the `java.sql.ResultRow.refreshRow()` method is not performing escaping of column names so a malicious column name that contains a statement terminator, e.g. `;`, could lead to SQL injection. This could lead to executing additional SQL commands as the application's JDBC user. User applications that do not invoke the `ResultSet.refreshRow()` method are not impacted. User application that do invoke that method are impacted if the underlying database that they are querying via their JDBC application may be under the control of an attacker. The attack requires the attacker to trick the user into executing SQL against a table name who's column names would contain the malicious SQL and subsequently invoke the `refreshRow()` method on the ResultSet. Note that the application's JDBC user and the schema owner need not be the same. A JDBC application that executes as a privileged user querying database schemas owned by potentially malicious less-privileged users would be vulnerable. In that situation it may be possible for the malicious user to craft a schema that causes the application to execute commands as the privileged user. Patched versions will be released as `42.2.26` and `42.4.1`. Users are advised to upgrade. There are no known workarounds for this issue.
CWE: CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-41946
DESCRIPTION: pgjdbc is an open source postgresql JDBC Driver. In affected versions a prepared statement using either `PreparedStatement.setText(int, InputStream)` or `PreparedStatemet.setBytea(int, InputStream)` will create a temporary file if the InputStream is larger than 2k. This will create a temporary file which is readable by other users on Unix like systems, but not MacOS. On Unix like systems, the system's temporary directory is shared between all users on that system. Because of this, when files and directories are written into this directory they are, by default, readable by other users on that same system. This vulnerability does not allow other users to overwrite the contents of these directories or files. This is purely an information disclosure vulnerability. Because certain JDK file system APIs were only added in JDK 1.7, this this fix is dependent upon the version of the JDK you are using. Java 1.7 and higher users: this vulnerability is fixed in 4.5.0. Java 1.6 and lower users: no patch is available. If you are unable to patch, or are stuck running on Java 1.6, specifying the java.io.tmpdir system environment variable to a directory that is exclusively owned by the executing user will mitigate this vulnerability.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2024-1597
DESCRIPTION: pgjdbc, the PostgreSQL JDBC Driver, allows attacker to inject SQL if using PreferQueryMode=SIMPLE. Note this is not the default. In the default mode there is no vulnerability. A placeholder for a numeric value must be immediately preceded by a minus. There must be a second placeholder for a string value after the first placeholder; both must be on the same line. By constructing a matching string payload, the attacker can inject SQL to alter the query,bypassing the protections that parameterized queries bring against SQL Injection attacks. Versions before 42.7.2, 42.6.1, 42.5.5, 42.4.4, 42.3.9, and 42.2.28 are affected.
CWE: CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 10
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-31802
DESCRIPTION: node-tar is a full-featured Tar for Node.js. Prior to version 7.5.11, tar (npm) can be tricked into creating a symlink that points outside the extraction directory by using a drive-relative symlink target such as C:../../../target.txt, which enables file overwrite outside cwd during normal tar.x() extraction. This vulnerability is fixed in 7.5.11.
CWE: CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-44431
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is an HTTP client library for Python. From 1.23 to before 2.7.0, cross-origin redirects followed from the low-level API via ProxyManager.connection_from_url().urlopen(..., assert_same_host=False) still forward these sensitive headers. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-44432
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is an HTTP client library for Python. From 2.6.0 to before 2.7.0, urllib3 could decompress the whole response instead of the requested portion (1) during the second HTTPResponse.read(amt=N) call when the response was decompressed using the official Brotli library or (2) when HTTPResponse.drain_conn() was called after the response had been read and decompressed partially (compression algorithm did not matter here). These issues could cause urllib3 to fully decode a small amount of highly compressed data in a single operation. This could result in excessive resource consumption (high CPU usage and massive memory allocation for the decompressed data) on the client side. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.7.0.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9375
DESCRIPTION: Rejected reason: This CVE ID has been rejected or withdrawn by its CVE Numbering Authority.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: security@huntr.dev
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-44249
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In netty-handler prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, an attacker can bypass IPv6 subnet rules due to an incorrect masking operation in IpSubnetFilterRule.compareTo(). Valid public IP addresses can bypass the restrictions. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-15284
DESCRIPTION: Improper Input Validation vulnerability in qs (parse modules) allows HTTP DoS.This issue affects qs: 6.14.1. Summary The arrayLimit option in qs did not enforce limits for bracket notation (a[]=1&a[]=2), only for indexed notation (a[0]=1). This is a consistency bug; arrayLimit should apply uniformly across all array notations. Note: The default parameterLimit of 1000 effectively mitigates the DoS scenario originally described. With default options, bracket notation cannot produce arrays larger than parameterLimit regardless of arrayLimit, because each a[]=valueconsumes one parameter slot. The severity has been reduced accordingly. Details The arrayLimit option only checked limits for indexed notation (a[0]=1&a[1]=2) but did not enforce it for bracket notation (a[]=1&a[]=2). Vulnerable code (lib/parse.js:159-162): if (root === '[]' && options.parseArrays) { obj = utils.combine([], leaf); // No arrayLimit check } Working code (lib/parse.js:175): else if (index = options.arrayLimit) { // Limit checked here obj = []; obj[index] = leaf; } The bracket notation handler at line 159 uses utils.combine([], leaf) without validating against options.arrayLimit, while indexed notation at line 175 checks index = options.arrayLimit before creating arrays. PoC const qs = require('qs'); const result = qs.parse('a[]=1&a[]=2&a[]=3&a[]=4&a[]=5&a[]=6', { arrayLimit: 5 }); console.log(result.a.length); // Output: 6 (should be max 5) Note on parameterLimit interaction: The original advisory's "DoS demonstration" claimed a length of 10,000, but parameterLimit (default: 1000) caps parsing to 1,000 parameters. With default options, the actual output is 1,000, not 10,000. Impact Consistency bug in arrayLimit enforcement. With default parameterLimit, the practical DoS risk is negligible since parameterLimit already caps the total number of parsed parameters (and thus array elements from bracket notation). The risk increases only when parameterLimit is explicitly set to a very high value.
CWE: CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source: harborist
CVSS Base score: 3.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2021-21290
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an open-source, asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In Netty before version 4.1.59.Final there is a vulnerability on Unix-like systems involving an insecure temp file. When netty's multipart decoders are used local information disclosure can occur via the local system temporary directory if temporary storing uploads on the disk is enabled. On unix-like systems, the temporary directory is shared between all user. As such, writing to this directory using APIs that do not explicitly set the file/directory permissions can lead to information disclosure. Of note, this does not impact modern MacOS Operating Systems. The method "File.createTempFile" on unix-like systems creates a random file, but, by default will create this file with the permissions "-rw-r--r--". Thus, if sensitive information is written to this file, other local users can read this information. This is the case in netty's "AbstractDiskHttpData" is vulnerable. This has been fixed in version 4.1.59.Final. As a workaround, one may specify your own "java.io.tmpdir" when you start the JVM or use "DefaultHttpDataFactory.setBaseDir(...)" to set the directory to something that is only readable by the current user.
CWE: CWE-378: Creation of Temporary File With Insecure Permissions
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 3.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2023-34462
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. The `SniHandler` can allocate up to 16MB of heap for each channel during the TLS handshake. When the handler or the channel does not have an idle timeout, it can be used to make a TCP server using the `SniHandler` to allocate 16MB of heap. The `SniHandler` class is a handler that waits for the TLS handshake to configure a `SslHandler` according to the indicated server name by the `ClientHello` record. For this matter it allocates a `ByteBuf` using the value defined in the `ClientHello` record. Normally the value of the packet should be smaller than the handshake packet but there are not checks done here and the way the code is written, it is possible to craft a packet that makes the `SslClientHelloHandler`. This vulnerability has been fixed in version 4.1.94.Final.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-25990
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. From 10.3.0 to before 12.1.1, an out-of-bounds write may be triggered when loading a specially crafted PSD image. This vulnerability is fixed in 12.1.1.
CWE: CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-14529
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 traditional is vulnerable to server-side request forgery (SSRF) when the SIP container feature (sipServlet-1.1) is enabled.
CWE: CWE-306: Missing Authentication for Critical Function
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 9.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2021-22570
DESCRIPTION: Nullptr dereference when a null char is present in a proto symbol. The symbol is parsed incorrectly, leading to an unchecked call into the proto file's name during generation of the resulting error message. Since the symbol is incorrectly parsed, the file is nullptr. We recommend upgrading to version 3.15.0 or greater.
CWE: CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference
CVSS Source: Google
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-3171
DESCRIPTION: A parsing issue with binary data in protobuf-java core and lite versions prior to 3.21.7, 3.20.3, 3.19.6 and 3.16.3 can lead to a denial of service attack. Inputs containing multiple instances of non-repeated embedded messages with repeated or unknown fields causes objects to be converted back-n-forth between mutable and immutable forms, resulting in potentially long garbage collection pauses. We recommend updating to the versions mentioned above.
CWE: CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-3509
DESCRIPTION: A parsing issue similar to CVE-2022-3171, but with textformat in protobuf-java core and lite versions prior to 3.21.7, 3.20.3, 3.19.6 and 3.16.3 can lead to a denial of service attack. Inputs containing multiple instances of non-repeated embedded messages with repeated or unknown fields causes objects to be converted back-n-forth between mutable and immutable forms, resulting in potentially long garbage collection pauses. We recommend updating to the versions mentioned above.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-3510
DESCRIPTION: A parsing issue similar to CVE-2022-3171, but with Message-Type Extensions in protobuf-java core and lite versions prior to 3.21.7, 3.20.3, 3.19.6 and 3.16.3 can lead to a denial of service attack. Inputs containing multiple instances of non-repeated embedded messages with repeated or unknown fields causes objects to be converted back-n-forth between mutable and immutable forms, resulting in potentially long garbage collection pauses. We recommend updating to the versions mentioned above.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:A/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2024-7254
DESCRIPTION: Any project that parses untrusted Protocol Buffers data containing an arbitrary number of nested groups / series of SGROUP tags can corrupted by exceeding the stack limit i.e. StackOverflow. Parsing nested groups as unknown fields with DiscardUnknownFieldsParser or Java Protobuf Lite parser, or against Protobuf map fields, creates unbounded recursions that can be abused by an attacker.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-55831
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, Netty's SPDY SETTINGS decoder accepts a peer-declared SETTINGS entry count up to the 24-bit frame-length limit and materializes every unique setting ID in `DefaultSpdySettingsFrame`, allowing a remote SPDY/3.1 peer to send a syntactically valid roughly 2 MiB SETTINGS frame that creates 262144 map entries and amplifies network input into heap growth and ordered-map insertion work. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-55833
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, Netty SPDY header decoding continues inflating zlib-compressed header blocks after the raw header parser has exceeded `maxHeaderSize` and marked the frame truncated in `SpdyFrameCodec`, allowing a remote peer to send a small compressed `HEADERS` block that expands into much larger raw header data and causes compression-amplified CPU and allocation churn. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11546
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 is affected by a server-side request forgery vulnerability with the adminCenter-1.0 feature enabled.
CWE: CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-48526
DESCRIPTION: PyJWT is a JSON Web Token implementation in Python. Prior to 2.13.0, when the verifier is decoding JSON Web Tokens, while supporting both asymmetric and HMAC algorithms, the library does not validate use of JSON Web Keys in HMAC algorithm, allowing attacker to use the issuer public key as the secret key for HMAC algorithm. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.13.0.
CWE: CWE-287: Improper Authentication
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-25168
DESCRIPTION: Apache Hadoop's FileUtil.unTar(File, File) API does not escape the input file name before being passed to the shell. An attacker can inject arbitrary commands. This is only used in Hadoop 3.3 InMemoryAliasMap.completeBootstrapTransfer, which is only ever run by a local user. It has been used in Hadoop 2.x for yarn localization, which does enable remote code execution. It is used in Apache Spark, from the SQL command ADD ARCHIVE. As the ADD ARCHIVE command adds new binaries to the classpath, being able to execute shell scripts does not confer new permissions to the caller. SPARK-38305. "Check existence of file before untarring/zipping", which is included in 3.3.0, 3.1.4, 3.2.2, prevents shell commands being executed, regardless of which version of the hadoop libraries are in use. Users should upgrade to Apache Hadoop 2.10.2, 3.2.4, 3.3.3 or upper (including HADOOP-18136).
CWE: CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-21441
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is an HTTP client library for Python. urllib3's streaming API is designed for the efficient handling of large HTTP responses by reading the content in chunks, rather than loading the entire response body into memory at once. urllib3 can perform decoding or decompression based on the HTTP `Content-Encoding` header (e.g., `gzip`, `deflate`, `br`, or `zstd`). When using the streaming API, the library decompresses only the necessary bytes, enabling partial content consumption. Starting in version 1.22 and prior to version 2.6.3, for HTTP redirect responses, the library would read the entire response body to drain the connection and decompress the content unnecessarily. This decompression occurred even before any read methods were called, and configured read limits did not restrict the amount of decompressed data. As a result, there was no safeguard against decompression bombs. A malicious server could exploit this to trigger excessive resource consumption on the client. Applications and libraries are affected when they stream content from untrusted sources by setting `preload_content=False` when they do not disable redirects. Users should upgrade to at least urllib3 v2.6.3, in which the library does not decode content of redirect responses when `preload_content=False`. If upgrading is not immediately possible, disable redirects by setting `redirect=False` for requests to untrusted source.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-33042
DESCRIPTION: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection') vulnerability in Apache Avro Java SDK when generating specific records from untrusted Avro schemas. This issue affects Apache Avro Java SDK: all versions through 1.11.4 and version 1.12.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.12.1 or 1.11.5, which fix the issue.
CWE: CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59869
DESCRIPTION: js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. From 3.0.0 before 3.15.0 and from 4.0.0 before 4.3.0, js-yaml can spend quadratic CPU time parsing a document whose size grows only linearly when a chain of mappings uses merge keys where each mapping merges the previous one. This issue is fixed in versions 3.15.0 and 4.3.0.
CWE: CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22815
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, insufficient restrictions in header/trailer handling could cause uncapped memory usage. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34513
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an unbounded DNS cache could result in excessive memory usage possibly resulting in a DoS situation. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34514
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the content_type parameter in aiohttp could use this to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34515
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, on Windows the static resource handler may expose information about a NTLMv2 remote path. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-36: Absolute Path Traversal
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34516
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, a response with an excessive number of multipart headers may be allowed to use more memory than intended, potentially allowing a DoS vulnerability. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34517
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, for some multipart form fields, aiohttp read the entire field into memory before checking client_max_size. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34518
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, when following redirects to a different origin, aiohttp drops the Authorization header, but retains the Cookie and Proxy-Authorization headers. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34519
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, an attacker who controls the reason parameter when creating a Response may be able to inject extra headers or similar exploits. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34520
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, the C parser (the default for most installs) accepted null bytes and control characters in response headers. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 9.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34525
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.13.4, multiple Host headers were allowed in aiohttp. This issue has been patched in version 3.13.4.
CWE: CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34073
DESCRIPTION: cryptography is a package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers. Prior to version 46.0.6, DNS name constraints were only validated against SANs within child certificates, and not the "peer name" presented during each validation. Consequently, cryptography would allow a peer named bar.example.com to validate against a wildcard leaf certificate for *.example.com, even if the leaf's parent certificate (or upwards) contained an excluded subtree constraint for bar.example.com. This issue has been patched in version 46.0.6.
CWE: CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-39892
DESCRIPTION: cryptography is a package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers. From 45.0.0 to before 46.0.7, if a non-contiguous buffer was passed to APIs which accepted Python buffers (e.g. Hash.update()), this could lead to buffer overflows. This vulnerability is fixed in 46.0.7.
CWE: CWE-119: Improper Restriction of Operations within the Bounds of a Memory Buffer
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2019-17571
DESCRIPTION: Included in Log4j 1.2 is a SocketServer class that is vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data which can be exploited to remotely execute arbitrary code when combined with a deserialization gadget when listening to untrusted network traffic for log data. This affects Log4j versions up to 1.2 up to 1.2.17.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2020-9488
DESCRIPTION: Improper validation of certificate with host mismatch in Apache Log4j SMTP appender. This could allow an SMTPS connection to be intercepted by a man-in-the-middle attack which could leak any log messages sent through that appender. Fixed in Apache Log4j 2.12.3 and 2.13.1
CWE: CWE-295: Improper Certificate Validation
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 3.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2020-9493
DESCRIPTION: A deserialization flaw was found in Apache Chainsaw versions prior to 2.1.0 which could lead to malicious code execution.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-4104
DESCRIPTION: JMSAppender in Log4j 1.2 is vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data when the attacker has write access to the Log4j configuration. The attacker can provide TopicBindingName and TopicConnectionFactoryBindingName configurations causing JMSAppender to perform JNDI requests that result in remote code execution in a similar fashion to CVE-2021-44228. Note this issue only affects Log4j 1.2 when specifically configured to use JMSAppender, which is not the default. Apache Log4j 1.2 reached end of life in August 2015. Users should upgrade to Log4j 2 as it addresses numerous other issues from the previous versions.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-23302
DESCRIPTION: JMSSink in all versions of Log4j 1.x is vulnerable to deserialization of untrusted data when the attacker has write access to the Log4j configuration or if the configuration references an LDAP service the attacker has access to. The attacker can provide a TopicConnectionFactoryBindingName configuration causing JMSSink to perform JNDI requests that result in remote code execution in a similar fashion to CVE-2021-4104. Note this issue only affects Log4j 1.x when specifically configured to use JMSSink, which is not the default. Apache Log4j 1.2 reached end of life in August 2015. Users should upgrade to Log4j 2 as it addresses numerous other issues from the previous versions.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-23305
DESCRIPTION: By design, the JDBCAppender in Log4j 1.2.x accepts an SQL statement as a configuration parameter where the values to be inserted are converters from PatternLayout. The message converter, %m, is likely to always be included. This allows attackers to manipulate the SQL by entering crafted strings into input fields or headers of an application that are logged allowing unintended SQL queries to be executed. Note this issue only affects Log4j 1.x when specifically configured to use the JDBCAppender, which is not the default. Beginning in version 2.0-beta8, the JDBCAppender was re-introduced with proper support for parameterized SQL queries and further customization over the columns written to in logs. Apache Log4j 1.2 reached end of life in August 2015. Users should upgrade to Log4j 2 as it addresses numerous other issues from the previous versions.
CWE: CWE-89: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-23307
DESCRIPTION: CVE-2020-9493 identified a deserialization issue that was present in Apache Chainsaw. Prior to Chainsaw V2.0 Chainsaw was a component of Apache Log4j 1.2.x where the same issue exists.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-26464
DESCRIPTION: ** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** When using the Chainsaw or SocketAppender components with Log4j 1.x on JRE less than 1.7, an attacker that manages to cause a logging entry involving a specially-crafted (ie, deeply nested) hashmap or hashtable (depending on which logging component is in use) to be processed could exhaust the available memory in the virtual machine and achieve Denial of Service when the object is deserialized. This issue affects Apache Log4j before 2. Affected users are recommended to update to Log4j 2.x. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-46295
DESCRIPTION: Apache Commons Text versions prior to 1.10.0 included interpolation features that could be abused when applications passed untrusted input into the text-substitution API. Because some interpolators could trigger actions like executing commands or accessing external resources, an attacker could potentially achieve remote code execution. This vulnerability has been fully addressed in FileMaker Server 22.0.4.
CWE: CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-35515
DESCRIPTION: When reading a specially crafted 7Z archive, the construction of the list of codecs that decompress an entry can result in an infinite loop. This could be used to mount a denial of service attack against services that use Compress' sevenz package.
CWE: CWE-834: Excessive Iteration
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-35516
DESCRIPTION: When reading a specially crafted 7Z archive, Compress can be made to allocate large amounts of memory that finally leads to an out of memory error even for very small inputs. This could be used to mount a denial of service attack against services that use Compress' sevenz package.
CWE: CWE-130: Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-35517
DESCRIPTION: When reading a specially crafted TAR archive, Compress can be made to allocate large amounts of memory that finally leads to an out of memory error even for very small inputs. This could be used to mount a denial of service attack against services that use Compress' tar package.
CWE: CWE-130: Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-36090
DESCRIPTION: When reading a specially crafted ZIP archive, Compress can be made to allocate large amounts of memory that finally leads to an out of memory error even for very small inputs. This could be used to mount a denial of service attack against services that use Compress' zip package.
CWE: CWE-130: Improper Handling of Length Parameter Inconsistency
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2024-25710
DESCRIPTION: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop') vulnerability in Apache Commons Compress.This issue affects Apache Commons Compress: from 1.3 through 1.25.0. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.26.0 which fixes the issue.
CWE: CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54273
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, no limit was present on the number of pipelined requests that could be queued. An attacker may be able to use pipelined requests to use excessive amounts of memory, potentially leading to DoS. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54274
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, if an attacker sends large incomplete websocket frame payloads, it may be possible to bypass the usual size limits on memory use. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54275
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, the server_hostname TLS SNI check can be bypassed when an existing connection is reused. If an application makes multiple requests to the same domain, but with different per-request server_hostname parameters, then the later calls may succeed by reusing the existing connection when they should have been rejected due to the TLS SNI check. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-297: Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54276
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, DigestAuthMiddleware can send an authentication response after following a cross-origin redirect. This likely requires an open redirect vulnerability or similar on the target domain for an attacker to be able to execute. Further, the attacker is only receiving the digest, so should only be able to extract the user's credentials if the cryptography is weak or there is some kind of password reuse. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54277
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, it is possible to bypass the max_line_size check in parts of an HTTP request in the C parser. If using the optimised C parser (the default in pre-built wheels), then an attacker may be able to send oversized lines through the HTTP parser and use an excessive amount of memory, potentially leading to DoS. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54278
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, during cleanup it is possible for a compressed request body to be decompressed into memory in one chunk. An attacker may be able to send a compressed payload in specific situations that could be decompressed into memory, potentially leading to DoS (a zip bomb edge case). This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54279
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, host-only cookies that are saved with CookieJar.save() and then restored later with CookieJar.load() lose their host-only status. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-665: Improper Initialization
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54280
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.1, payload resources are not closed correctly when a client disconnects in the middle of a write. If a payload is using an open file or similar limited resource, then an attacker may be able to cause resource starvation temporarily until garbage collection or similar closes the file. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.14.1.
CWE: CWE-404: Improper Resource Shutdown or Release
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59881
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to 3.14.2, the WebSocket client accepts and decompresses frames with the RSV1 bit set even when the permessage-deflate extension was not negotiated, allowing a malicious server to cause unexpected CPU and memory consumption. This issue is fixed in version 3.14.2.
CWE: CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 6.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X)

CVEID: CVE-2026-1525
DESCRIPTION: Undici allows duplicate HTTP Content-Length headers when they are provided in an array with case-variant names (e.g., Content-Length and content-length). This produces malformed HTTP/1.1 requests with multiple conflicting Content-Length values on the wire. Who is impacted: * Applications using undici.request(), undici.Client, or similar low-level APIs with headers passed as flat arrays * Applications that accept user-controlled header names without case-normalization Potential consequences: * Denial of Service: Strict HTTP parsers (proxies, servers) will reject requests with duplicate Content-Length headers (400 Bad Request) * HTTP Request Smuggling: In deployments where an intermediary and backend interpret duplicate headers inconsistently (e.g., one uses the first value, the other uses the last), this can enable request smuggling attacks leading to ACL bypass, cache poisoning, or credential hijacking
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-1526
DESCRIPTION: The undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack via unbounded memory consumption during permessage-deflate decompression. When a WebSocket connection negotiates the permessage-deflate extension, the client decompresses incoming compressed frames without enforcing any limit on the decompressed data size. A malicious WebSocket server can send a small compressed frame (a "decompression bomb") that expands to an extremely large size in memory, causing the Node.js process to exhaust available memory and crash or become unresponsive. The vulnerability exists in the PerMessageDeflate.decompress() method, which accumulates all decompressed chunks in memory and concatenates them into a single Buffer without checking whether the total size exceeds a safe threshold.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-1527
DESCRIPTION: ImpactWhen an application passes user-controlled input to the upgrade option of client.request(), an attacker can inject CRLF sequences (\r\n) to: * Inject arbitrary HTTP headers * Terminate the HTTP request prematurely and smuggle raw data to non-HTTP services (Redis, Memcached, Elasticsearch) The vulnerability exists because undici writes the upgrade value directly to the socket without validating for invalid header characters: // lib/dispatcher/client-h1.js:1121 if (upgrade) { header += `connection: upgrade\r\nupgrade: ${upgrade}\r\n` }
CWE: CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 4.6
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-1528
DESCRIPTION: ImpactA server can reply with a WebSocket frame using the 64-bit length form and an extremely large length. undici's ByteParser overflows internal math, ends up in an invalid state, and throws a fatal TypeError that terminates the process. Patches Patched in the undici version v7.24.0 and v6.24.0. Users should upgrade to this version or later.
CWE: CWE-248: Uncaught Exception
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-2229
DESCRIPTION: ImpactThe undici WebSocket client is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack due to improper validation of the server_max_window_bits parameter in the permessage-deflate extension. When a WebSocket client connects to a server, it automatically advertises support for permessage-deflate compression. A malicious server can respond with an out-of-range server_max_window_bits value (outside zlib's valid range of 8-15). When the server subsequently sends a compressed frame, the client attempts to create a zlib InflateRaw instance with the invalid windowBits value, causing a synchronous RangeError exception that is not caught, resulting in immediate process termination. The vulnerability exists because: * The isValidClientWindowBits() function only validates that the value contains ASCII digits, not that it falls within the valid range 8-15 * The createInflateRaw() call is not wrapped in a try-catch block * The resulting exception propagates up through the call stack and crashes the Node.js process
CWE: CWE-248: Uncaught Exception
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-53066
DESCRIPTION: An unspecified vulnerability in Java SE related to the JAXP component could allow a remote attacker to cause high confidentiality impact, no integrity impact, and no availability impact.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-53057
DESCRIPTION: An unspecified vulnerability in Java SE related to the Security component could allow a remote attacker to cause no confidentiality impact, high integrity impact, and no availability impact.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-50010
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, SimpleTrustManagerFactory.engineGetTrustManagers() and related paths wrap any user-supplied plain X509TrustManager in X509TrustManagerWrapper, which extends X509ExtendedTrustManager but implements the 3-arg checkServerTrusted(chain, authType, SSLEngine) by discarding the SSLEngine and calling the 2-arg delegate. Because the object now IS an X509ExtendedTrustManager, neither SunJSSE's internal AbstractTrustManagerWrapper nor Netty's own OpenSslX509TrustManagerWrapper will re-wrap it to add endpoint-identification. Consequently, even though Netty 4.2 sets endpointIdentificationAlgorithm="HTTPS" by default, a client built with `SslContextBuilder.forClient().trustManager(somePlainX509TrustManager)` performs no hostname verification at all. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.
CWE: CWE-347: Improper Verification of Cryptographic Signature
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59871
DESCRIPTION: node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, node-tar coerces all-digit PAX path and linkpath values in src/pax.ts to JavaScript numbers, causing downstream path handling such as normalizeWindowsPath(entry.path).split('/') to throw an uncaught TypeError. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.18.
CWE: CWE-704: Incorrect Type Conversion or Cast
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59873
DESCRIPTION: node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.19, node-tar does not enforce hard upper bounds on total decompressed data, entry counts, or decompression ratio in extraction and parsing paths such as src/extract.ts, allowing a small crafted gzip bomb to exhaust disk space and CPU. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.19.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59874
DESCRIPTION: node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.18, tar.replace accepts a checksum-valid tar header with a negative base-256 encoded entry size, causing the archive scanner to make no progress while repeatedly parsing the same header. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.18.
CWE: CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59875
DESCRIPTION: node-tar is a tar archive manipulation library for Node.js. Prior to 7.5.17, node-tar does not strip NUL bytes from PAX path and linkpath records in src/pax.ts, allowing a crafted archive with values to reach fs.lstat or fs.open and terminate the process with an uncaught exception. This issue is fixed in version 7.5.17.
CWE: CWE-248: Uncaught Exception
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2022-37865
DESCRIPTION: With Apache Ivy 2.4.0 an optional packaging attribute has been introduced that allows artifacts to be unpacked on the fly if they used pack200 or zip packaging. For artifacts using the "zip", "jar" or "war" packaging Ivy prior to 2.5.1 doesn't verify the target path when extracting the archive. An archive containing absolute paths or paths that try to traverse "upwards" using ".." sequences can then write files to any location on the local fie system that the user executing Ivy has write access to. Ivy users of version 2.4.0 to 2.5.0 should upgrade to Ivy 2.5.1.
CWE: CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-37866
DESCRIPTION: When Apache Ivy downloads artifacts from a repository it stores them in the local file system based on a user-supplied "pattern" that may include placeholders for artifacts coordinates like the organisation, module or version. If said coordinates contain "../" sequences - which are valid characters for Ivy coordinates in general - it is possible the artifacts are stored outside of Ivy's local cache or repository or can overwrite different artifacts inside of the local cache. In order to exploit this vulnerability an attacker needs collaboration by the remote repository as Ivy will issue http requests containing ".." sequences and a "normal" repository will not interpret them as part of the artifact coordinates. Users of Apache Ivy 2.0.0 to 2.5.1 should upgrade to Ivy 2.5.1.
CWE: CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-46751
DESCRIPTION: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference, XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection) vulnerability in Apache Software Foundation Apache Ivy.This issue affects any version of Apache Ivy prior to 2.5.2. When Apache Ivy prior to 2.5.2 parses XML files - either its own configuration, Ivy files or Apache Maven POMs - it will allow downloading external document type definitions and expand any entity references contained therein when used. This can be used to exfiltrate data, access resources only the machine running Ivy has access to or disturb the execution of Ivy in different ways. Starting with Ivy 2.5.2 DTD processing is disabled by default except when parsing Maven POMs where the default is to allow DTD processing but only to include a DTD snippet shipping with Ivy that is needed to deal with existing Maven POMs that are not valid XML files but are nevertheless accepted by Maven. Access can be be made more lenient via newly introduced system properties where needed. Users of Ivy prior to version 2.5.2 can use Java system properties to restrict processing of external DTDs, see the section about "JAXP Properties for External Access restrictions" inside Oracle's "Java API for XML Processing (JAXP) Security Guide".
CWE: CWE-91: XML Injection (aka Blind XPath Injection)
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.2
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-10842
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, and 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 Traditional and Liberty could allow a remote attacker to bypass security constraints.
CWE: CWE-289: Authentication Bypass by Alternate Name
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-8633
DESCRIPTION: IBM Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty 8.5, 9.0 IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to remote code execution in the Web Server Plug-ins, through a specially crafted request.
CWE: CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-8620
DESCRIPTION: IBM Web Server Plug-ins for WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Liberty 8.5, 9.0 IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling in the Web Server Plug-ins through a specially crafted request.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59899
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, `HttpContentEncoder` (the superclass of the production handler `HttpContentCompressor`) maintains a per-channel `ArrayDequeCharSequence` named `acceptEncodingQueue` that accumulates attacker-controlled data without any size limit. The queue is filled on the I/O thread for every inbound HTTP request and drained only when the application later writes a non-1xx response. This creates a resource exhaustion vulnerability when an attacker exploits HTTP/1.1 pipelining to flood the connection with requests faster than the application produces responses. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59921
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, HttpPostRequestEncoder constructs multipart HTTP request bodies by directly concatenating user-supplied filenames and field names into Content-Disposition MIME headers without validating or sanitizing CRLF characters (\r\n). Since MIME headers are delimited by CRLF, an attacker who controls the filename can inject arbitrary MIME headers into the multipart body part. The root cause is that neither the encoder nor the FileUpload implementations' setFilename() methods, which only check for null, neutralize CRLF characters before the filename is embedded into the header. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22016
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22021
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via HTTPS to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22013
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks require human interaction from a person other than the attacker. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-693: Protection Mechanism Failure
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22018
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 3.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34268
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Java SE executes to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized read access to a subset of Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 2.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-22007
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with logon to the infrastructure where Java SE executes to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized read access to a subset of Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 2.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-12383
DESCRIPTION: In Eclipse Jersey versions 2.45, 3.0.16, 3.1.9 a race condition can cause ignoring of critical SSL configurations - such as mutual authentication, custom key/trust stores, and other security settings. This issue may result in SSLHandshakeException under normal circumstances, but under certain conditions, it could lead to unauthorized trust in insecure servers (see PoC)
CWE: CWE-362: Concurrent Execution using Shared Resource with Improper Synchronization ('Race Condition')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-39244
DESCRIPTION: adm-zip before 0.5.18 is vulnerable to denial of service via a crafted ZIP file with a manipulated uncompressed size header field. In zipEntry.js line 103, Buffer.alloc(_centralHeader.size) allocates memory based on the declared uncompressed size from the ZIP central directory header without validating it against the actual compressed data size or imposing any upper bound. The size value is read directly from the binary header at entryHeader.js line 266 with no bounds check. An attacker can craft a ~120-byte ZIP file that declares ~4GB uncompressed size, causing a memory allocation amplification ratio of over 33 million to 1. The allocation occurs before CRC validation, so the malicious payload cannot be rejected early. All extraction and read methods are affected: readFile(), readAsText(), extractEntryTo(), extractAllTo(), extractAllToAsync(), test(), and entry.getData(). Any application accepting untrusted ZIP files via adm-zip is vulnerable to immediate process crash.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11714
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty is affected by a server-side request forgery vulnerability with the apiDiscovery-1.0 feature enabled.
CWE: CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-45416
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Prior to versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final, SslClientHelloHandler.decode() reads the 24-bit TLS handshake length and, when the ClientHello does not fit in the first record, eagerly allocates `ctx.alloc().buffer(handshakeLength)` (line 161). The guard at line 140 is `handshakeLength maxClientHelloLength && maxClientHelloLength != 0`, and the commonly-used SniHandler/AbstractSniHandler constructors (SniHandler(Mapping), SniHandler(AsyncMapping), AbstractSniHandler()) pass maxClientHelloLength=0 and handshakeTimeoutMillis=0, so the length guard is disabled and no timeout is scheduled. A 16 MiB request exceeds the default pooled chunk size and becomes a huge/unpooled allocation performed immediately. The buffer is retained in the handler until the channel closes. Versions 4.1.135.Final and 4.2.15.Final patch the issue.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-22569
DESCRIPTION: An issue in protobuf-java allowed the interleaving of com.google.protobuf.UnknownFieldSet fields in such a way that would be processed out of order. A small malicious payload can occupy the parser for several minutes by creating large numbers of short-lived objects that cause frequent, repeated pauses. We recommend upgrading libraries beyond the vulnerable versions.
CWE: CWE-696: Incorrect Behavior Order
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 3.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-21945
DESCRIPTION: Java SE is vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by an easily exploitable vulnerability issue that allows an remote attacker to cause a hang or repeatable crash of the application.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-21932
DESCRIPTION: Java SE could allow a remote attacker to bypass security controls and create, delete, or modify critical data or all accessible data, caused by an easily exploitable vulnerability.
CWE: CWE-1287: Improper Validation of Specified Type of Input
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-21933
DESCRIPTION: Java SE could allow a remote attacker to bypass security controls and perform unauthorized update, insert, delete, or read operations on accessible data, caused by an easily exploitable vulnerability.
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 6.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-21925
DESCRIPTION: Java SE could allow a remote unauthenticated attacker to bypass security controls and perform unauthorized update, insert, delete, or read operations on accessible data, caused by an difficult to exploit vulnerability.
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 4.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-69152
DESCRIPTION: The brace-expansion library generates arbitrary strings containing a common prefix and suffix. Prior to 1.1.18, 2.1.4, 3.0.6, and 5.0.9, expand() does not apply maxLength while constructing comma-alternative intermediate arrays or padded sequences, allowing attacker-controlled input to exhaust memory or block the event loop. The fix for CVE-2026-14257 is bypassed by the vulnerability. This issue is fixed in versions 1.1.18, 2.1.4, 3.0.6, and 5.0.9.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-56745
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.15.Final and 4.1.0.Final through 4.1.135.Final, the `SpdyHttpDecoder` handler in Netty's SPDY-to-HTTP codec allocates a pooled `ByteBuf` when processing a client-initiated `SYN_STREAM` frame with `FLAG_FIN=0` and stores the partially constructed `FullHttpRequest` in `messageMap`; when the remote peer sends `RST_STREAM` for that stream or the accumulated content exceeds `maxContentLength`, the decoder removes the entry but does not release the pooled `ByteBuf`, causing native memory exhaustion. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-56746
DESCRIPTION: Netty is a network application framework for development of protocol servers and clients. Versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.15.Final and 4.1.0.Final through 4.1.135.Final, are vulnerable to security control bypass during the origin evaluation process. CorsHandler provides a shortCircuit() configuration designed to reject unauthorized cross-origin requests immediately, acting as a security control before requests reach the application. However, due to a logical operator error in the origin evaluation process, this protection can be entirely bypassed. An attacker can bypass the short-circuit mechanism by sending a request with an Origin: null header. This failure forwards unauthorized requests to the backend application, bypassing intended access controls. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-14981
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty are affected by a denial of service vulnerability in the HTTP channel due to unbounded allocation of resources without limits.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-15064
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP Response Smuggling due to improper handling of non-standard HTTP version tokens.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-15328
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-15325
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty is vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling due to improper handling of TRACE requests.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-14980
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery which could allow an attacker to perform SSRF attacks with elevated privileges when the collectiveController-1.0 feature is enabled.
CWE: CWE-269: Improper Privilege Management
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-2482
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 is vulnerable to cross-site request forgery which could allow an attacker to execute malicious and unauthorized actions transmitted from a user that the website trusts.
CWE: CWE-352: Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 3.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-34993
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.14.0, using ``CookieJar.load()`` with untrusted input may allow arbitrary code execution. Most applications using this function will be doing so with the user's own data, so this is unlikely to affect many applications. Version 3.14.0 patches the issue. If an application does allow attacker controlled files to be loaded, a workaround on older releases would be to sanitize the files before loading.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47265
DESCRIPTION: AIOHTTP is an asynchronous HTTP client/server framework for asyncio and Python. Prior to version 3.14.0, cookies set with the `cookies` parameter on requests are sent after following a cross-origin redirect. If a developer uses the `cookies` parameter on a per-request basis then sensitive data might be leaked to an attacker if they manage to control a redirect. Version 3.14.0 patches the issue. If unable to upgrade, using a `Cookie` header in the `headers` parameter is not vulnerable.
CWE: CWE-346: Origin Validation Error
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2023-44981
DESCRIPTION: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key vulnerability in Apache ZooKeeper. If SASL Quorum Peer authentication is enabled in ZooKeeper (quorum.auth.enableSasl=true), the authorization is done by verifying that the instance part in SASL authentication ID is listed in zoo.cfg server list. The instance part in SASL auth ID is optional and if it's missing, like 'eve@EXAMPLE.COM', the authorization check will be skipped. As a result an arbitrary endpoint could join the cluster and begin propagating counterfeit changes to the leader, essentially giving it complete read-write access to the data tree. Quorum Peer authentication is not enabled by default. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.1, 3.8.3, 3.7.2, which fixes the issue. Alternately ensure the ensemble election/quorum communication is protected by a firewall as this will mitigate the issue. See the documentation for more details on correct cluster administration.
CWE: CWE-639: Authorization Bypass Through User-Controlled Key
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2024-23944
DESCRIPTION: Information disclosure in persistent watchers handling in Apache ZooKeeper due to missing ACL check. It allows an attacker to monitor child znodes by attaching a persistent watcher (addWatch command) to a parent which the attacker has already access to. ZooKeeper server doesn't do ACL check when the persistent watcher is triggered and as a consequence, the full path of znodes that a watch event gets triggered upon is exposed to the owner of the watcher. It's important to note that only the path is exposed by this vulnerability, not the data of znode, but since znode path can contain sensitive information like user name or login ID, this issue is potentially critical. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 3.9.2, 3.8.4 which fixes the issue.
CWE: CWE-862: Missing Authorization
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 4.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-50645
DESCRIPTION: There is no restriction on the amount of attachment headers that a message can contain when being deserialized by Apache CXF, which can lead to uncontrolled resource consumption or a denial of service attack. Users are recommended to upgrade to versions 4.2.2 or 4.1.7 or 3.6.12, which fix this issue by imposing a maximum default of 500 attachments per message.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9322
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 are vulnerable to a denial of service via a crafted HTTP request.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9171
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by sending a specially-crafted request. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause the server to consume memory resources.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-45768
DESCRIPTION: pyjwt v2.10.1 was discovered to contain weak encryption. NOTE: this is disputed by the Supplier because the key length is chosen by the application that uses the library (admittedly, library users may benefit from a minimum value and a mechanism for opting in to strict enforcement).
CWE: CWE-311: Missing Encryption of Sensitive Data
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2019-16869
DESCRIPTION: Netty before 4.1.42.Final mishandles whitespace before the colon in HTTP headers (such as a "Transfer-Encoding : chunked" line), which leads to HTTP request smuggling.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2019-20444
DESCRIPTION: HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows an HTTP header that lacks a colon, which might be interpreted as a separate header with an incorrect syntax, or might be interpreted as an "invalid fold."
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2019-20445
DESCRIPTION: HttpObjectDecoder.java in Netty before 4.1.44 allows a Content-Length header to be accompanied by a second Content-Length header, or by a Transfer-Encoding header.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2020-7238
DESCRIPTION: Netty 4.1.43.Final allows HTTP Request Smuggling because it mishandles Transfer-Encoding whitespace (such as a [space]Transfer-Encoding:chunked line) and a later Content-Length header. This issue exists because of an incomplete fix for CVE-2019-16869.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2021-21295
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an open-source, asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In Netty (io.netty:netty-codec-http2) before version 4.1.60.Final there is a vulnerability that enables request smuggling. If a Content-Length header is present in the original HTTP/2 request, the field is not validated by `Http2MultiplexHandler` as it is propagated up. This is fine as long as the request is not proxied through as HTTP/1.1. If the request comes in as an HTTP/2 stream, gets converted into the HTTP/1.1 domain objects (`HttpRequest`, `HttpContent`, etc.) via `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec `and then sent up to the child channel's pipeline and proxied through a remote peer as HTTP/1.1 this may result in request smuggling. In a proxy case, users may assume the content-length is validated somehow, which is not the case. If the request is forwarded to a backend channel that is a HTTP/1.1 connection, the Content-Length now has meaning and needs to be checked. An attacker can smuggle requests inside the body as it gets downgraded from HTTP/2 to HTTP/1.1. For an example attack refer to the linked GitHub Advisory. Users are only affected if all of this is true: `HTTP2MultiplexCodec` or `Http2FrameCodec` is used, `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec` is used to convert to HTTP/1.1 objects, and these HTTP/1.1 objects are forwarded to another remote peer. This has been patched in 4.1.60.Final As a workaround, the user can do the validation by themselves by implementing a custom `ChannelInboundHandler` that is put in the `ChannelPipeline` behind `Http2StreamFrameToHttpObjectCodec`.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2021-43797
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. Netty prior to version 4.1.71.Final skips control chars when they are present at the beginning / end of the header name. It should instead fail fast as these are not allowed by the spec and could lead to HTTP request smuggling. Failing to do the validation might cause netty to "sanitize" header names before it forward these to another remote system when used as proxy. This remote system can't see the invalid usage anymore, and therefore does not do the validation itself. Users should upgrade to version 4.1.71.Final.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2024-29025
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. The `HttpPostRequestDecoder` can be tricked to accumulate data. While the decoder can store items on the disk if configured so, there are no limits to the number of fields the form can have, an attacher can send a chunked post consisting of many small fields that will be accumulated in the `bodyListHttpData` list. The decoder cumulates bytes in the `undecodedChunk` buffer until it can decode a field, this field can cumulate data without limits. This vulnerability is fixed in 4.1.108.Final.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2025-58056
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for development of maintainable high performance protocol servers and clients. In versions 4.1.124.Final, and 4.2.0.Alpha3 through 4.2.4.Final, Netty incorrectly accepts standalone newline characters (LF) as a chunk-size line terminator, regardless of a preceding carriage return (CR), instead of requiring CRLF per HTTP/1.1 standards. When combined with reverse proxies that parse LF differently (treating it as part of the chunk extension), attackers can craft requests that the proxy sees as one request but Netty processes as two, enabling request smuggling attacks. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final and 4.2.5.Final.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-58057
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In netty-codec-compression versions 4.1.124.Final and below, and netty-codec versions 4.2.4.Final and below, when supplied with specially crafted input, BrotliDecoder and certain other decompression decoders will allocate a large number of reachable byte buffers, which can lead to denial of service. BrotliDecoder.decompress has no limit in how often it calls pull, decompressing data 64K bytes at a time. The buffers are saved in the output list, and remain reachable until OOM is hit. This is fixed in versions 4.1.125.Final of netty-codec and 4.2.5.Final of netty-codec-compression.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59901
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, the `Bzip2Decoder` handler in Netty's compression codec pipeline is vulnerable to a denial-of-service attack through a malformed bzip2 stream that permanently captures the event-loop thread in an infinite loop. The vulnerability exists in the run-length encoding (RLE) state machine within [`Bzip2BlockDecompressor.read()`]. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-50181
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Prior to 2.5.0, it is possible to disable redirects for all requests by instantiating a PoolManager and specifying retries in a way that disable redirects. By default, requests and botocore users are not affected. An application attempting to mitigate SSRF or open redirect vulnerabilities by disabling redirects at the PoolManager level will remain vulnerable. This issue has been patched in version 2.5.0.
CWE: CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-66418
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Starting in version 1.24 and prior to 2.6.0, the number of links in the decompression chain was unbounded allowing a malicious server to insert a virtually unlimited number of compression steps leading to high CPU usage and massive memory allocation for the decompressed data. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.6.0.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-66471
DESCRIPTION: urllib3 is a user-friendly HTTP client library for Python. Starting in version 1.0 and prior to 2.6.0, the Streaming API improperly handles highly compressed data. urllib3's streaming API is designed for the efficient handling of large HTTP responses by reading the content in chunks, rather than loading the entire response body into memory at once. When streaming a compressed response, urllib3 can perform decoding or decompression based on the HTTP Content-Encoding header (e.g., gzip, deflate, br, or zstd). The library must read compressed data from the network and decompress it until the requested chunk size is met. Any resulting decompressed data that exceeds the requested amount is held in an internal buffer for the next read operation. The decompression logic could cause urllib3 to fully decode a small amount of highly compressed data in a single operation. This can result in excessive resource consumption (high CPU usage and massive memory allocation for the decompressed data.
CWE: CWE-409: Improper Handling of Highly Compressed Data (Data Amplification)
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-25639
DESCRIPTION: Axios is a promise based HTTP client for the browser and Node.js. Prior to versions 0.30.3 and 1.13.5, the mergeConfig function in axios crashes with a TypeError when processing configuration objects containing __proto__ as an own property. An attacker can trigger this by providing a malicious configuration object created via JSON.parse(), causing complete denial of service. This vulnerability is fixed in versions 0.30.3 and 1.13.5.
CWE: CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-12143
DESCRIPTION: form-data is a library for creating readable multipart/form-data streams. In versions through 4.0.5, the `field` argument to `FormData#append` and the `filename` option are concatenated verbatim into the `Content-Disposition` header without escaping carriage return (CR), line feed (LF), or double-quote (") characters. An application that passes attacker-controlled data as a field name or filename (for example, an API gateway that turns JSON object keys into multipart field names) allows the attacker to terminate the header line and inject additional headers, or to smuggle entire additional multipart parts, into the request the application forwards to a backend. This can let the attacker add or override form fields (e.g. set `is_admin=true`) seen by the downstream parser. This is an instance of CWE-93 (CRLF injection). The fix escapes CR, LF, and `"` as `%0D`, `%0A`, and `%22` in field names and filenames, matching the serialization browsers use per the WHATWG HTML multipart/form-data encoding algorithm. Exploitation requires the consuming application to use untrusted input as a field name or filename; applications that use only fixed/trusted field names are not affected. Fixed in 2.5.6, 3.0.5, and 4.0.6.
CWE: CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source: harborist
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2019-9512
DESCRIPTION: Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to ping floods, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker sends continual pings to an HTTP/2 peer, causing the peer to build an internal queue of responses. Depending on how efficiently this data is queued, this can consume excess CPU, memory, or both.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2019-9514
DESCRIPTION: Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to a reset flood, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker opens a number of streams and sends an invalid request over each stream that should solicit a stream of RST_STREAM frames from the peer. Depending on how the peer queues the RST_STREAM frames, this can consume excess memory, CPU, or both.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2019-9515
DESCRIPTION: Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to a settings flood, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker sends a stream of SETTINGS frames to the peer. Since the RFC requires that the peer reply with one acknowledgement per SETTINGS frame, an empty SETTINGS frame is almost equivalent in behavior to a ping. Depending on how efficiently this data is queued, this can consume excess CPU, memory, or both.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2019-9518
DESCRIPTION: Some HTTP/2 implementations are vulnerable to a flood of empty frames, potentially leading to a denial of service. The attacker sends a stream of frames with an empty payload and without the end-of-stream flag. These frames can be DATA, HEADERS, CONTINUATION and/or PUSH_PROMISE. The peer spends time processing each frame disproportionate to attack bandwidth. This can consume excess CPU.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-21409
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an open-source, asynchronous event-driven network application framework for rapid development of maintainable high performance protocol servers & clients. In Netty (io.netty:netty-codec-http2) before version 4.1.61.Final there is a vulnerability that enables request smuggling. The content-length header is not correctly validated if the request only uses a single Http2HeaderFrame with the endStream set to to true. This could lead to request smuggling if the request is proxied to a remote peer and translated to HTTP/1.1. This is a followup of GHSA-wm47-8v5p-wjpj/CVE-2021-21295 which did miss to fix this one case. This was fixed as part of 4.1.61.Final.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2023-44487
DESCRIPTION: The HTTP/2 protocol allows a denial of service (server resource consumption) because request cancellation can reset many streams quickly, as exploited in the wild in August through October 2023.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-55163
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.124.Final and 4.2.4.Final, Netty is vulnerable to MadeYouReset DDoS. This is a logical vulnerability in the HTTP/2 protocol, that uses malformed HTTP/2 control frames in order to break the max concurrent streams limit - which results in resource exhaustion and distributed denial of service. This issue has been patched in versions 4.1.124.Final and 4.2.4.Final.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-39410
DESCRIPTION: When deserializing untrusted or corrupted data, it is possible for a reader to consume memory beyond the allowed constraints and thus lead to out of memory on the system. This issue affects Java applications using Apache Avro Java SDK up to and including 1.11.2. Users should update to apache-avro version 1.11.3 which addresses this issue.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2024-47561
DESCRIPTION: Schema parsing in the Java SDK of Apache Avro 1.11.3 and previous versions allows bad actors to execute arbitrary code. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.4 or 1.12.0, which fix this issue.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: CISA ADP
CVSS Base score: 7.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-27942
DESCRIPTION: fast-xml-parser allows users to validate XML, parse XML to JS object, or build XML from JS object without C/C++ based libraries and no callback. Prior to version 5.3.8, the application crashes with stack overflow when user use XML builder with `preserveOrder:true`. Version 5.3.8 fixes the issue. As a workaround, use XML builder with `preserveOrder:false` or check the input data before passing to builder.
CWE: CWE-120: Buffer Copy without Checking Size of Input ('Classic Buffer Overflow')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-68616
DESCRIPTION: WeasyPrint helps web developers to create PDF documents. Prior to version 68.0, a server-side request forgery (SSRF) protection bypass exists in WeasyPrint's `default_url_fetcher`. The vulnerability allows attackers to access internal network resources (such as `localhost` services or cloud metadata endpoints) even when a developer has implemented a custom `url_fetcher` to block such access. This occurs because the underlying `urllib` library follows HTTP redirects automatically without re-validating the new destination against the developer's security policy. Version 68.0 contains a patch for the issue.
CWE: CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-26520
DESCRIPTION: In pgjdbc before 42.3.3, an attacker (who controls the jdbc URL or properties) can call java.util.logging.FileHandler to write to arbitrary files through the loggerFile and loggerLevel connection properties. An example situation is that an attacker could create an executable JSP file under a Tomcat web root. NOTE: the vendor's position is that there is no pgjdbc vulnerability; instead, it is a vulnerability for any application to use the pgjdbc driver with untrusted connection properties
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9320
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to a denial of service, caused by sending a specially-crafted request. A remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to cause the server to consume memory resources.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-8646
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0 and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are vulnerable to HTTP request smuggling. A remote attacker could smuggle a specially crafted request to the application server thereby allowing the attacker to bypass security controls, spoof identity, escalate privilege, and expose sensitive information.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-2581
DESCRIPTION: This is an uncontrolled resource consumption vulnerability (CWE-400) that can lead to Denial of Service (DoS). In vulnerable Undici versions, when interceptors.deduplicate() is enabled, response data for deduplicated requests could be accumulated in memory for downstream handlers. An attacker-controlled or untrusted upstream endpoint can exploit this with large/chunked responses and concurrent identical requests, causing high memory usage and potential OOM process termination. Impacted users are applications that use Undici’s deduplication interceptor against endpoints that may produce large or long-lived response bodies. PatchesThe issue has been patched by changing deduplication behavior to stream response chunks to downstream handlers as they arrive (instead of full-body accumulation), and by preventing late deduplication when body streaming has already started. Users should upgrade to the first official Undici (and Node.js, where applicable) releases that include this patch.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: openjs
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16192
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.8 is affected by a denial of service vulnerability when the restConnector-2.0 feature is enabled.
CWE: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-41254
DESCRIPTION: Little CMS (lcms2) through 2.18 has an integer overflow in CubeSize in cmslut.c because the overflow check is performed after the multiplication.
CWE: CWE-696: Incorrect Behavior Order
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47057
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a hang or frequently repeatable crash (complete DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47063
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47058
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java SE accessible data as well as unauthorized access to critical data or complete access to all Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-60147
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Java SE accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-46968
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TLS to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Java SE accessible data.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47027
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47021
DESCRIPTION: Easily exploitable vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47059
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized ability to cause a partial denial of service (partial DOS) of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 3.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-47010
DESCRIPTION: Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Java SE. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Java SE.
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 3.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-8400
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server 8.5, and 9.0 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty Continuous delivery has a flaw in the ORB component in IBM SDK, Java Technology Edition, may allow a malicious IIOP server to induce loading and instantation of arbitrary classes.
CWE: CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16439
DESCRIPTION: In Eclipse OpenJ9 versions up to 0.60, using -Xtrace to trace method arguments can lead to buffer underflow.
CWE: CWE-124: Buffer Underwrite ('Buffer Underflow')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16441
DESCRIPTION: In Eclipse OpenJ9 versions up to 0.60, when executing class files where a previously concrete superclass method has been recompiled as abstract, execution is incorrectly delegated to an interface default method.
CWE: CWE-758: Reliance on Undefined, Unspecified, or Implementation-Defined Behavior
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.6
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16243
DESCRIPTION: In Eclipse OMR versions up to 0.11, the arraycmp SIMD implementation for Z and P does not check if the number of bytes to compare is zero.
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-10852
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to denial of service in the WebSphere WebServer Plug-in component when an attacker can pass crafted requests to the web server.
CWE: CWE-476: NULL Pointer Dereference
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-8858
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty are vulnerable to remote code execution and denial of service in the WebSphere Web Server Plug-in component. This vulnerability can be exploited when an attacker impersonates the application server and sends crafted responses to the plug-in.
CWE: CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-9072
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server and IBM WebSphere Application Server Liberty - when using Intelligent Management with the WebSphere WebServer Plug-in component - are vulnerable to remote code execution and denial of service. This vulnerability can be exploited when an attacker impersonates backend servers and sends crafted responses to the plug-in.
CWE: CWE-94: Improper Control of Generation of Code ('Code Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59898
DESCRIPTION: Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, ab attacker can force WebSocket upgrade via the lax V07 (or V08) handshaker by sending `Sec-WebSocket-Version: 7` and omitting `Connection: Upgrade` / `Upgrade: websocket` headers, completing a protocol switch that a proxy would not recognize as an Upgrade request and enabling HTTP request smuggling / protocol-confusion attacks. This issue has been fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-13697
DESCRIPTION: undici's cache interceptor mishandles malformed Cache-Control private directives. In undici 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0 and 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a response carrying a degenerate qualified private directive, such as private set to an empty value, can be stored in the default shared cache and later served to a different caller with the same cache key, disclosing private response bodies and headers including Set-Cookie. Separately, a Cache-Control header that combines an unqualified private directive with a qualified one triggers an uncaught TypeError in the cache-control parser, which rejects the request and, depending on the consumer's error handling, can terminate the process. Both issues affect applications using the cache interceptor in shared mode, including the default configuration. The issues are fixed in undici 7.29.0 and 8.9.0.
CWE: CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-14643
DESCRIPTION: undici's cache interceptor mishandles optional whitespace placed around the equals sign of a qualified no-cache or private Cache-Control directive. In undici from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0 and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, the parser either drops the directive or stores a field name with literal quote characters, so the cache decision fails to recognize the qualification and the response is stored. In shared-cache mode, this lets a response containing one user's authenticated data be served from cache to a later caller, including an unauthenticated one, when both requests resolve to the same cache key. It affects applications that enable the cache interceptor in shared mode, forward Authorization headers upstream, and receive cacheable responses with qualified directives padded with whitespace around the equals sign. This is the whitespace-around-equals variant that the fix for CVE-2026-9678 did not normalize, and it is fixed in undici 7.29.0 and 8.9.0.
CWE: CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-15157
DESCRIPTION: undici does not validate the type property of a duck-typed blob-like request body before using it as the Content-Type header on the HTTP/1.1 dispatcher. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, an application that passes a hand-rolled blob-like body (via request, stream, pipeline, or dispatch) whose type is derived from untrusted input allows an attacker to inject CRLF sequences and append arbitrary HTTP headers, potentially smuggling a second request past the upstream. Native Blob objects are safe because their constructor strips CRLF from the type, and fetch is unaffected because it validates headers, but ecosystem libraries that build duck-typed blob shapes from user input can reach the vulnerable path. This is the same defect class as CVE-2022-35948 and CVE-2026-1527, on a header sink that the earlier fixes did not cover. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and 8.9.0.
CWE: CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 5.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16728
DESCRIPTION: undici's retry interceptor can deliver a response whose body length does not match the Content-Length header exposed to the application after a retry or resume of a partial response. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a malicious or faulty upstream can return a partial response with a mismatched framing header, close the socket early, and have the retry interceptor assemble a body of a different length while the original Content-Length stays attached. Applications that use the retry interceptor and forward upstream headers and bodies downstream, such as proxies or gateways, may then emit an invalid HTTP response with a stale Content-Length, leading to downstream response desynchronization, connection hangs, or response corruption. Exploitation requires the retry interceptor enabled, an upstream returning a mismatched partial response, and a downstream forwarder that does not remove or recalculate Content-Length. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and 8.9.0.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2026-16729
DESCRIPTION: undici's setCookie function does not fully sanitize cookie attributes. In undici before 6.28.0, from 7.0.0 up to before 7.29.0, and from 8.0.0 up to before 8.9.0, a domain value is not checked for semicolons and entries in the unparsed array are not sanitized, so attacker-influenced input can inject additional cookie attributes. For example, a domain value containing a semicolon can append attributes such as SameSite, and an unparsed entry can inject attributes such as HttpOnly, without the caller setting them. Applications that pass user-controlled input to these fields, such as multi-tenant or reverse-proxy servers that scope session cookies to a tenant-supplied domain, can have SameSite CSRF protections bypassed, or the Secure, HttpOnly, and SameSite attributes forced, stripped, or overridden. The issue is fixed in undici 6.28.0, 7.29.0, and 8.9.0.
CWE: CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-66566
DESCRIPTION: yawkat LZ4 Java provides LZ4 compression for Java. Insufficient clearing of the output buffer in Java-based decompressor implementations in lz4-java 1.10.0 and earlier allows remote attackers to read previous buffer contents via crafted compressed input. In applications where the output buffer is reused without being cleared, this may lead to disclosure of sensitive data. JNI-based implementations are not affected. This vulnerability is fixed in 1.10.1.
CWE: CWE-201: Insertion of Sensitive Information Into Sent Data
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.2
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11806
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 is affected by an arbitrary file read vulnerability with the restConnector-2.0 feature enabled.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.2
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-67030
DESCRIPTION: Directory Traversal vulnerability in the extractFile method of org.codehaus.plexus.util.Expand in plexus-utils before 6d780b3378829318ba5c2d29547e0012d5b29642. This allows an attacker to execute arbitrary code
CWE: CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-31777
DESCRIPTION: A stored cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability in Apache Spark 3.2.1 and earlier, and 3.3.0, allows remote attackers to execute arbitrary JavaScript in the web browser of a user, by including a malicious payload into the logs which would be returned in logs rendered in the UI.
CWE: CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2022-33891
DESCRIPTION: The Apache Spark UI offers the possibility to enable ACLs via the configuration option spark.acls.enable. With an authentication filter, this checks whether a user has access permissions to view or modify the application. If ACLs are enabled, a code path in HttpSecurityFilter can allow someone to perform impersonation by providing an arbitrary user name. A malicious user might then be able to reach a permission check function that will ultimately build a Unix shell command based on their input, and execute it. This will result in arbitrary shell command execution as the user Spark is currently running as. This affects Apache Spark versions 3.0.3 and earlier, versions 3.1.1 to 3.1.2, and versions 3.2.0 to 3.2.1.
CWE: CWE-78: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an OS Command ('OS Command Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-22946
DESCRIPTION: In Apache Spark versions prior to 3.4.0, applications using spark-submit can specify a 'proxy-user' to run as, limiting privileges. The application can execute code with the privileges of the submitting user, however, by providing malicious configuration-related classes on the classpath. This affects architectures relying on proxy-user, for example those using Apache Livy to manage submitted applications. Update to Apache Spark 3.4.0 or later, and ensure that spark.submit.proxyUser.allowCustomClasspathInClusterMode is set to its default of "false", and is not overridden by submitted applications.
CWE: CWE-269: Improper Privilege Management
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2023-32007
DESCRIPTION: ** UNSUPPORTED WHEN ASSIGNED ** The Apache Spark UI offers the possibility to enable ACLs via the configuration option spark.acls.enable. With an authentication filter, this checks whether a user has access permissions to view or modify the application. If ACLs are enabled, a code path in HttpSecurityFilter can allow someone to perform impersonation by providing an arbitrary user name. A malicious user might then be able to reach a permission check function that will ultimately build a Unix shell command based on their input, and execute it. This will result in arbitrary shell command execution as the user Spark is currently running as. This issue was disclosed earlier as CVE-2022-33891, but incorrectly claimed version 3.1.3 (which has since gone EOL) would not be affected. NOTE: This vulnerability only affects products that are no longer supported by the maintainer. Users are recommended to upgrade to a supported version of Apache Spark, such as version 3.4.0.
CWE: CWE-77: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in a Command ('Command Injection')
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-32141
DESCRIPTION: flatted is a circular JSON parser. Prior to 3.4.0, flatted's parse() function uses a recursive revive() phase to resolve circular references in deserialized JSON. When given a crafted payload with deeply nested or self-referential $ indices, the recursion depth is unbounded, causing a stack overflow that crashes the Node.js process. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.4.0.
CWE: CWE-674: Uncontrolled Recursion
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-26007
DESCRIPTION: cryptography is a package designed to expose cryptographic primitives and recipes to Python developers. Prior to 46.0.5, the public_key_from_numbers (or EllipticCurvePublicNumbers.public_key()), EllipticCurvePublicNumbers.public_key(), load_der_public_key() and load_pem_public_key() functions do not verify that the point belongs to the expected prime-order subgroup of the curve. This missing validation allows an attacker to provide a public key point P from a small-order subgroup. This can lead to security issues in various situations, such as the most commonly used signature verification (ECDSA) and shared key negotiation (ECDH). When the victim computes the shared secret as S = [victim_private_key]P via ECDH, this leaks information about victim_private_key mod (small_subgroup_order). For curves with cofactor 1, this reveals the least significant bits of the private key. When these weak public keys are used in ECDSA , it's easy to forge signatures on the small subgroup. Only SECT curves are impacted by this. This vulnerability is fixed in 46.0.5.
CWE: CWE-345: Insufficient Verification of Data Authenticity
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-40192
DESCRIPTION: Pillow is a Python imaging library. Versions 10.3.0 through 12.1.1 did not limit the amount of GZIP-compressed data read when decoding a FITS image, making them vulnerable to decompression bomb attacks. A specially crafted FITS file could cause unbounded memory consumption, leading to denial of service (OOM crash or severe performance degradation). If users are unable to immediately upgrade, they should only open specific image formats, excluding FITS, as a workaround.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-50106
DESCRIPTION: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u451, 8u451-perf, 11.0.27, 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.15, 21.0.7 and 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.14. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-30749
DESCRIPTION: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: 2D). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u451, 8u451-perf, 11.0.27, 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.15, 21.0.7 and 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.14. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in takeover of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability does not apply to Java deployments, typically in servers, that load and run only trusted code (e.g., code installed by an administrator). CVSS 3.1 Base Score 8.1 (Confidentiality, Integrity and Availability impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2025-30761
DESCRIPTION: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: Scripting). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u451, 8u451-perf and 11.0.27; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.14. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via multiple protocols to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized creation, deletion or modification access to critical data or all Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability can be exploited by using APIs in the specified Component, e.g., through a web service which supplies data to the APIs. This vulnerability also applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. CVSS 3.1 Base Score 5.9 (Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N).
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 5.9
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2025-30754
DESCRIPTION: Vulnerability in the Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition product of Oracle Java SE (component: JSSE). Supported versions that are affected are Oracle Java SE: 8u451, 8u451-perf, 11.0.27, 17.0.15, 21.0.7, 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM for JDK: 17.0.15, 21.0.7 and 24.0.1; Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition: 21.3.14. Difficult to exploit vulnerability allows unauthenticated attacker with network access via TLS to compromise Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition. Successful attacks of this vulnerability can result in unauthorized update, insert or delete access to some of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data as well as unauthorized read access to a subset of Oracle Java SE, Oracle GraalVM for JDK, Oracle GraalVM Enterprise Edition accessible data. Note: This vulnerability applies to Java deployments, typically in clients running sandboxed Java Web Start applications or sandboxed Java applets, that load and run untrusted code (e.g., code that comes from the internet) and rely on the Java sandbox for security. This vulnerability does not apply to Java deployments, typically in servers, that load and run only trusted code (e.g., code installed by an administrator). CVSS 3.1 Base Score 4.8 (Confidentiality and Integrity impacts). CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N).
CWE: CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source: secalert_us@oracle.com
CVSS Base score: 4.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-29063
DESCRIPTION: Immutable.js provides many Persistent Immutable data structures. Prior to versions 3.8.3, 4.3.7, and 5.1.5, Prototype Pollution is possible in immutable via the mergeDeep(), mergeDeepWith(), merge(), Map.toJS(), and Map.toObject() APIs. This issue has been patched in versions 3.8.3, 4.3.7, and 5.1.5.
CWE: CWE-1321: Improperly Controlled Modification of Object Prototype Attributes ('Prototype Pollution')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-59877
DESCRIPTION: protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JavaScript (JS) functions. Prior to 7.6.5 and 8.6.6, protobufjs parsed option names by advancing through schema tokens until reaching an = token without checking for end of input, so a crafted .proto schema that opens an option declaration and ends prematurely can cause parse, Root.load, or Root.loadSync to loop indefinitely. This issue is fixed in versions 7.6.5 and 8.6.6.
CWE: CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source: NVD
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2022-25647
DESCRIPTION: The package com.google.code.gson:gson before 2.8.9 are vulnerable to Deserialization of Untrusted Data via the writeReplace() method in internal classes, which may lead to DoS attacks.
CWE: CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-11541
DESCRIPTION: IBM CICS Transaction Gateway for Multiplatforms 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, and 10.1 IBM WebSphere Application Server 9.0, and 8.5 and IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.6 are affected by an HTTP request smuggling vulnerability.
CWE: CWE-444: Inconsistent Interpretation of HTTP Requests ('HTTP Request/Response Smuggling')
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-13149
DESCRIPTION: brace-expansion through 5.0.6 is vulnerable to denial of service. The expand() function exhibits exponential-time complexity in the number of consecutive non-expanding '{}' brace groups. An attacker who passes a crafted string to expand(), directly or transitively, can cause significant CPU consumption and event-loop blocking. The max option does not mitigate this, as it bounds the output size rather than the recursion work.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: seal
CVSS Base score: 7.7
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:P/S:N/AU:Y/R:U/V:D/RE:M/U:Amber)

CVEID: CVE-2026-42198
DESCRIPTION: pgjdbc is an open source postgresql JDBC Driver. From version 42.2.0 to before version 42.7.11, pgjdbc is vulnerable to a client-side denial of service during SCRAM-SHA-256 authentication. A malicious server can instruct the driver to perform SCRAM authentication with a very large iteration count. With a large enough value, the client spends an unbounded amount of CPU time inside PBKDF2 before authentication can fail. A single attempt ties up a CPU core. Repeated or concurrent attempts exhaust client CPU and can wedge connection pools. In affected versions, loginTimeout did not fully mitigate this problem. When loginTimeout expired, the caller could stop waiting, but the worker thread performing the connection attempt could continue running and burning CPU inside the SCRAM PBKDF2 computation. This issue has been patched in version 42.7.11.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2024-36114
DESCRIPTION: Aircompressor is a library with ports of the Snappy, LZO, LZ4, and Zstandard compression algorithms to Java. All decompressor implementations of Aircompressor (LZ4, LZO, Snappy, Zstandard) can crash the JVM for certain input, and in some cases also leak the content of other memory of the Java process (which could contain sensitive information). When decompressing certain data, the decompressors try to access memory outside the bounds of the given byte arrays or byte buffers. Because Aircompressor uses the JDK class `sun.misc.Unsafe` to speed up memory access, no additional bounds checks are performed and this has similar security consequences as out-of-bounds access in C or C++, namely it can lead to non-deterministic behavior or crash the JVM. Users should update to Aircompressor 0.27 or newer where these issues have been fixed. When decompressing data from untrusted users, this can be exploited for a denial-of-service attack by crashing the JVM, or to leak other sensitive information from the Java process. There are no known workarounds for this issue.
CWE: CWE-125: Out-of-bounds Read
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 8.6
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2020-11612
DESCRIPTION: The ZlibDecoders in Netty 4.1.x before 4.1.46 allow for unbounded memory allocation while decoding a ZlibEncoded byte stream. An attacker could send a large ZlibEncoded byte stream to the Netty server, forcing the server to allocate all of its free memory to a single decoder.
CWE: CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID: CVE-2021-37136
DESCRIPTION: The Bzip2 decompression decoder function doesn't allow setting size restrictions on the decompressed output data (which affects the allocation size used during decompression). All users of Bzip2Decoder are affected. The malicious input can trigger an OOME and so a DoS attack
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2021-37137
DESCRIPTION: The Snappy frame decoder function doesn't restrict the chunk length which may lead to excessive memory usage. Beside this it also may buffer reserved skippable chunks until the whole chunk was received which may lead to excessive memory usage as well. This vulnerability can be triggered by supplying malicious input that decompresses to a very big size (via a network stream or a file) or by sending a huge skippable chunk.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54512
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.10.0 until 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4, jackson-databind's PolymorphicTypeValidator (PTV) is the primary safety mechanism guarding polymorphic deserialization. When polymorphic typing is enabled and a type identifier contains generic parameters (i.e. the type ID string contains ), DatabindContext._resolveAndValidateGeneric() validates only the raw container class name (the substring before ) against the configured PTV. If the container type is approved, the method parses the full canonical type string via TypeFactory.constructFromCanonical() and returns the fully parameterized type without ever validating the nested type arguments against the PTV. The nested type arguments are then resolved, instantiated, and populated as beans during deserialization. An attacker who controls the type ID can therefore place a denied class as a generic type parameter of an allowed container — for example java.util.ArrayListcom.evil.Gadget when only java.util.ArrayList is allow-listed. The container passes the PTV check; com.evil.Gadget is loaded via Class.forName(name, true, loader), instantiated, and its properties are set from attacker-controlled JSON. This completely bypasses an explicitly configured PTV allow-list. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54513
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.10.0 until 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4, BasicPolymorphicTypeValidator.Builder.allowIfSubTypeIsArray() allowlists any array type based only on clazz.isArray(), without validating the array's component (element) type against the configured allowlist. A PTV built with allowIfSubTypeIsArray() plus an explicit concrete-type allowlist therefore still permits EvilType[] even though EvilType is not allowlisted. When Jackson deserializes the elements and no per-element type IDs are present, it instantiates the component type directly with no further PTV check, bypassing the allowlist. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-184: Incomplete List of Disallowed Inputs
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 8.1
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54514
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.0.0 until 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4, JDKFromStringDeserializer constructed InetSocketAddress with new InetSocketAddress(host, port), which performs eager DNS name resolution for hostname inputs at deserialization time. An application that binds untrusted JSON into a type containing an InetSocketAddress field issues an attacker-chosen DNS query during readValue, before any application-level validation or connect logic. The fix uses InetSocketAddress.createUnresolved(host, port), deferring DNS to an explicit connect. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.18.8, 2.21.4, and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54515
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.8.0 until 2.18.9, 2.21.5, and 3.1.4, in BeanDeserializerBase.createContextual(), per-property @JsonIgnoreProperties exclusions are applied by _handleByNameInclusion(), producing a contextual deserializer whose BeanPropertyMap has the ignored properties removed. The subsequent per-property case-insensitivity block (triggered by @JsonFormat(ACCEPT_CASE_INSENSITIVE_PROPERTIES)) rebuilds from this._beanProperties (the original, unfiltered map) instead of contextual._beanProperties, then overwrites the filtered map — restoring every property _handleByNameInclusion had just removed. The ignored property becomes writable again. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.18.9, 2.21.5, and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-915: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
CVSS Source: security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54516
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.21.0 until 2.21.4 and 3.1.4, POJOPropertiesCollector._renameProperties() allows a property with @JsonProperty("renamed") on the getter and @JsonIgnore on the setter to be renamed rather than dropped. With MapperFeature.INFER_PROPERTY_MUTATORS enabled (default), the private backing field is retained; during deserialization BeanDeserializerFactory.addBeanProps() sees hasField()==true, builds a FieldProperty, and makes the backing field writable. An attacker supplying the renamed JSON key writes the backing field directly, bypassing the @JsonIgnore on the setter. This vulnerability is fixed in 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-915: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54517
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.21.0 until 2.21.4 and 3.1.4, in BeanDeserializer._deserializeUsingPropertyBased, the active-view (@JsonView) filter was applied only to creator properties; the regular property-buffering branch performed no prop.visibleInView(activeView) check. A change making SetterlessProperty.isMerging() return true routed setterless Collection/Map properties through this unguarded path, so a setterless collection annotated with a restricted @JsonView is populated from attacker JSON even when the active view excludes it. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.21.4 and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 5.3
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-54518
DESCRIPTION: jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.21.0 until 2.21.4 and 3.1.4, UnwrappedPropertyHandler.processUnwrappedCreatorProperties() replays buffered JSON into creator parameters but never consults prop.visibleInView(activeView). The normal property-based creator path gates creator properties on the active view, but this unwrapped-creator replay path bypasses that check, so a constructor parameter annotated with both @JsonView(AdminView.class) and @JsonUnwrapped is populated from attacker JSON even when a more restrictive view is active. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.21.4 and 3.1.4.
CWE: CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
CVSS Source: Github
CVSS Base score: 6.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID: CVE-2026-14257
DESCRIPTION: brace-expansion through 5.0.7 is vulnerable to denial of service via memory exhaustion. The expand() function limits the number of results with a max option (default 100,000) but does not bound the length of each result string. By chaining multiple brace groups, an attacker keeps the result count under the limit while making each result progressively longer, so total memory scales with both count and string length until the process hits a fatal, uncatchable out-of-memory error. About 7.5 KB of input ('{a,b}'.repeat(1500)) crashes a default Node.js process. Any application that passes attacker-influenced strings to brace-expansion.expand() - directly or transitively via minimatch / glob brace patterns - can be crashed by a small request. Fixed in 5.0.8 by adding a maxLength option (default 4,000,000) that bounds accumulated output and intermediate arrays.
CWE: CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source: seal
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID: CVE-2026-15057
DESCRIPTION: IBM WebSphere Application Server - Liberty 17.0.0.3 through 26.0.0.7 is vulnerable to a denial of service due to uncontrolled heap allocation.
CWE: CWE-787: Out-of-bounds Write
CVSS Source: IBM
CVSS Base score: 7.5
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

IBM X-Force ID: 220313
DESCRIPTION: PostgreSQL JDBC Driver could allow a remote attacker to gain unauthorized access to the system, caused by the exposure of the connection properties for configuring a pgjdbc connection. By specifying arbitrary connection properties, a remote attacker could exploit this vulnerability to gain unauthorized access to the system.
CWE: CWE-287: Improper Authentication
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 9.8
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

IBM X-Force ID: 221368
DESCRIPTION: Netty is vulnerable to a man-in-the-middle attack, caused by improper hostname verification. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability to launch a man-in-the-middle attack and gain access to the communication channel between endpoints to obtain sensitive information or further compromise the system.
CWE: CWE-300: Channel Accessible by Non-Endpoint
CVSS Source: IBM X-Force
CVSS Base score: 7.4
CVSS Vector: (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

ID: WS-2026-0004
DESCRIPTION: Arbitrary code execution in protobufjs. protobufjs compiles protobuf definitions into JS functions. Attackers can manipulate these definitions to execute arbitrary JS code.
CVSS Source: Mend
CVSS Base score: 9.9
CVSS Vector: ()

Affected Products and Versions

Affected Product(s)	Version(s)
Watson OpenScale	5.4.0.0 - 5.4.0.2
Watson OpenScale	5.3.0.0 - 5.3.0.10

Remediation/Fixes

For all affected versions, IBM recommends addressing the vulnerabilities now by upgrading to the latest supported release that contains the applicable security fixes.

Product Latest Version	Remediation/Fix/Instructions
IBM Watson OpenScale 5.4.x	Upgrade to IBM Watson OpenScale 5.4.0.4. For installation and upgrade information, see the IBM Watson OpenScale documentation and IBM watsonx.ai and watsonx.governance 2.4.x documentation.
IBM Watson OpenScale 5.3.x	Upgrade to IBM Watson OpenScale 5.3.0.12. For installation and upgrade information, see the IBM Watson OpenScale documentation and IBM watsonx.ai and watsonx.governance 2.3.x documentation.

Workarounds and Mitigations

None

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References

Complete CVSS v3 Guide
On-line Calculator v3

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Acknowledgement

Change History

29 Sep 2026: Initial Publication

*The CVSS Environment Score is customer environment specific and will ultimately impact the Overall CVSS Score. Customers can evaluate the impact of this vulnerability in their environments by accessing the links in the Reference section of this Security Bulletin.

Disclaimer

According to the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST), the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is an "industry open standard designed to convey vulnerability severity and help to determine urgency and priority of response." IBM PROVIDES THE CVSS SCORES ""AS IS"" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CUSTOMERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ANY ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL SECURITY VULNERABILITY. In addition to other efforts to address potential vulnerabilities, IBM periodically updates the record of components contained in our product offerings. As part of that effort, if IBM identifies previously unidentified packages in a product/service inventory, we address relevant vulnerabilities regardless of CVE date. Inclusion of an older CVEID does not demonstrate that the referenced product has been used by IBM since that date, nor that IBM was aware of a vulnerability as of that date. We are making clients aware of relevant vulnerabilities as we become aware of them. "Affected Products and Versions" referenced in IBM Security Bulletins are intended to be only products and versions that are supported by IBM and have not passed their end-of-support or warranty date. Thus, failure to reference unsupported or extended-support products and versions in this Security Bulletin does not constitute a determination by IBM that they are unaffected by the vulnerability. Reference to one or more unsupported versions in this Security Bulletin shall not create an obligation for IBM to provide fixes for any unsupported or extended-support products or versions.

Document Location

Worldwide

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Document Information

Modified date:
29 September 2026

Initial Publish date:
29 September 2026

UID

ibm17289925

Tips

Security Bulletin: Vulnerabilities addressed in IBM Watson OpenScale