Security Bulletin: Multiple security vulnerabilities in IBM Business Automation Manager Open Editions

Vulnerability Details

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59278
DESCRIPTION:   JsonKafkaHeaderMapper and DefaultKafkaHeaderMapper include java.net in their default trusted packages list. When these mappers are used — which is the default configuration for all @KafkaListener consumers — an external Kafka producer can inject a java.net.InetAddress type via the spring_json_header_types message header. Spring for Apache Kafka 4.1.0 Spring for Apache Kafka 4.0.0 - 4.0.6 Spring for Apache Kafka 3.0.0 - 3.3.16 Spring for Apache Kafka 2.9.0 - 2.9.14 Spring for Apache Kafka 2.8.12 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59285
DESCRIPTION:   Spring for GraphQL applications are vulnerable to Unsafe Deserialization when processing paginated GraphQL queries. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4
CWE:   CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   8.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59286
DESCRIPTION:   The GraphiQL page bundled with Spring for GraphQL loads JavaScript libraries from a public CDN, without Subresource Integrity checks. An attacker can inject malicious code in those scripts and execute arbitrary code on the browser loading the GraphiQL page. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4 Spring for GraphQL 1.4.0 - 1.4.6 Spring for GraphQL 1.1.0 - 1.3.9 Spring for GraphQL 1.0.0 - 1.0.7
CWE:   CWE-494: Download of Code Without Integrity Check
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   8.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59287
DESCRIPTION:   Spring for GraphQL is vulnerable to Denial of Service attacks when using the WebSocket client with keepAlive enabled. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4 Spring for GraphQL 1.4.0 - 1.4.6 Spring for GraphQL 1.3.0 - 1.3.9
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59288
DESCRIPTION:   The GraphiQL page bundled with Spring for GraphQL sends requests to the GraphQL endpoints of the application. An attacker can share a malicious URL so that the victim's browser might leak confidential information to the attacker's website. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4 Spring for GraphQL 1.4.0 - 1.4.6 Spring for GraphQL 1.1.0 - 1.3.9 Spring for GraphQL 1.0.0 - 1.0.7
CWE:   CWE-200: Exposure of Sensitive Information to an Unauthorized Actor
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.4
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59289
DESCRIPTION:   Spring for GraphQL's Spring Data pagination support resolves arguments of a scrollable query and forwards the client-supplied values to the underlying repository. An attacker can forge a malicious query for a Connection field that can exhaust application memory or place significant, prolonged load on the underlying datastore, resulting in a Denial of Service. Spring for GraphQL 2.0.0 - 2.0.4 Spring for GraphQL 1.4.0 - 1.4.6 Spring for GraphQL 1.2.0 - 1.3.9
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59903
DESCRIPTION:   Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, io.netty.handler.codec.http.cors.CorsHandler setVaryHeader replaces application Vary headers such as Authorization or Cookie with Origin, allowing a caching proxy or CDN to reuse authenticated responses across users and disclose sensitive information. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
CWE:   CWE-524: Use of Cache Containing Sensitive Information
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-54515
DESCRIPTION:   jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.8.0 until 2.18.9, 2.21.5, and 3.1.4, in BeanDeserializerBase.createContextual(), per-property @JsonIgnoreProperties exclusions are applied by _handleByNameInclusion(), producing a contextual deserializer whose BeanPropertyMap has the ignored properties removed. The subsequent per-property case-insensitivity block (triggered by @JsonFormat(ACCEPT_CASE_INSENSITIVE_PROPERTIES)) rebuilds from this._beanProperties (the original, unfiltered map) instead of contextual._beanProperties, then overwrites the filtered map — restoring every property _handleByNameInclusion had just removed. The ignored property becomes writable again. This vulnerability is fixed in 2.18.9, 2.21.5, and 3.1.4.
CWE:   CWE-915: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
CVSS Source:   security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59889
DESCRIPTION:   jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. From 2.18.0 until 2.18.9, 2.21.5, 2.22.1, 3.1.5, and 3.2.1, UnwrappedPropertyHandler.processUnwrapped() replays buffered JSON for a @JsonUnwrapped property and calls prop.deserializeAndSet() without a prop.visibleInView(ctxt.getActiveView()) guard, allowing a property annotated with both @JsonView and @JsonUnwrapped to be written from attacker JSON under a less-privileged active view. This issue is fixed in versions 2.18.9, 2.21.5, 2.22.1, 3.1.5, and 3.2.1.
CWE:   CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
CVSS Source:   security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-77310
DESCRIPTION:   jackson-databind contains the general-purpose data-binding functionality and tree-model for Jackson Data Processor. Prior to versions 2.18.9, 2.21.5, 2.22.1, 3.1.5, and 3.2.1 on their respective release lines, the java.net.InetAddress branch of FromStringDeserializer.Std._deserialize() calls InetAddress.getByName() on attacker-controlled input, causing eager DNS resolution during deserialization and enabling DNS-based server-side request forgery and internal-host enumeration. This issue is fixed in versions 2.18.9, 2.21.5, 2.22.1, 3.1.5, and 3.2.1.
CWE:   CWE-918: Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
CVSS Source:   security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-62380
DESCRIPTION:   Netty (io.netty:netty-codec-socks) versions 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.16.Final and 4.1.x through 4.1.136.Final contain null byte, CRLF, and credential injection vulnerabilities in the SOCKS4 (Socks4ClientEncoder) and SOCKS5 (Socks5ClientEncoder) client encoders, which fail to validate domain address and authentication (username/password) fields. An attacker able to control these fields can inject null bytes or CRLF characters to truncate or alter values, potentially enabling domain spoofing, SOCKS4 userid truncation, authentication data injection, and protocol confusion. Fixed in 4.2.17.Final and 4.1.137.Final.
CWE:   CWE-626: Null Byte Interaction Error (Poison Null Byte)
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-17615
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw was found in RESTEasy's SourceProvider. This vulnerability allows an unauthenticated attacker to perform an unauthenticated remote file read. By sending a specially crafted XML body with a DOCTYPE declaration referencing external entities to an endpoint that accepts application/xml and returns Source or StreamSource, the server can be tricked into resolving the entity and including sensitive file contents in the HTTP response. This is due to the SourceProvider.writeTo() method creating a SAXParser without disabling external entity resolution, leading to an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability.
CWE:   CWE-611: Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference
CVSS Source:   secalert@redhat.com
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59280
DESCRIPTION:   Applications using Spring Framework's FreeMarker integration may be vulnerable to a path traversal attack when a controller returns a view name derived from untrusted input and FreeMarker is configured to resolve templates through SpringTemplateLoader. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   4.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47884
DESCRIPTION:   Use of XsltView in a Spring MVC application can result in SSRF and RCE attack if the application has an "/**" mapping that results in view rendering, and where the view name is not explicitly specified. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47887
DESCRIPTION:   A Spring MVC application that uses UrlFileNameViewController that is mapped with an end-of-path, and does not have a configured prefix is vulnerable to an open redirect. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47890
DESCRIPTION:   Spring MVC and WebFlux applications are vulnerable to stream corruption when using Server-Sent Events (SSE) with view fragments. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19
CWE:   CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59313
DESCRIPTION:   Spring MVC applications using the functional web framework are vulnerable to stream corruption when using Server-Sent Events (SSE). Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49
CWE:   CWE-93: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences ('CRLF Injection')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-75899
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri is a URI parser for Node.js. It decodes percent escapes in a hostname during parsing and then decodes the parsed hostname a second time during authority recomposition, so a single call to normalize or resolve can turn nested percent-encoded input into a different network destination such as a loopback hostname or address. For example, a doubly encoded host that spells out a loopback name decodes to that live host in one operation, which contradicts RFC 3986 section 2.4 that an implementation must not decode the same string more than once. An application that normalizes or resolves an untrusted HTTP-family URI before outbound routing, redirect validation, or a host-policy check can receive a destination different from the one the original encoded host represented, giving a server-side request forgery and host-policy bypass primitive. This is an incomplete-fix variant of CVE-2026-6322. The affected versions are 2.4.1 up to but not including 2.4.5, 3.1.2 up to but not including 3.1.6, and 4.0.0 up to but not including 4.1.3. The issue is fixed in 2.4.5, 3.1.6, and 4.1.3, which normalize percent escapes once and preserve encoded percent signs. Users should upgrade to a patched version.
CWE:   CWE-174: Double Decoding of the Same Data
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-75931
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri is a URI parser for Node.js. It canonicalizes a host to its ASCII form only when the input carries an explicit scheme, so a scheme-relative reference such as a host preceded by two slashes is returned with its host verbatim and no error set. As a result fast-uri's own entry points disagree with each other: parse, resolve, normalize, and equal can yield different hosts for the same input depending only on whether a scheme is written out, and equal can return opposite verdicts for the same pair of hosts. An application that extracts a host with fast-uri to check it against a policy list and then resolves the same reference can make its decision on one host while the destination is another, enabling host confusion and policy bypass. The affected versions are 2.4.2 up to but not including 2.4.5, 3.1.3 up to but not including 3.1.6, and 4.0.1 up to but not including 4.1.3. The issue is fixed in 2.4.5, 3.1.6, and 4.1.3, which canonicalize the host consistently across the resolve path. Users should upgrade to a patched version.
CWE:   CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-75975
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri is a URI parser for Node.js. Its custom parser for bracketed IPv6 literals does not validate the complete IPv6 grammar, so invalid trailing text in an authority can be silently discarded and a malformed attacker-controlled host is turned into a different valid IPv6 destination. For example, a bracketed literal with invalid trailing characters is normalized to the unspecified address, which a Node HTTP client then connects to a local service over loopback, and other malformed literals collapse to private-range addresses. No error is set on the parsed result, so an application checking the error field cannot detect the rewrite. An application that normalizes untrusted URLs before outbound requests, redirects, proxy routing, or address-policy enforcement can be redirected to a local or private IPv6 target, giving a server-side request forgery and address-policy bypass primitive. The affected versions are 2.3.1 up to but not including 2.4.5, 3.0.0 up to but not including 3.1.6, and 4.0.0 up to but not including 4.1.3. The issue is fixed in 2.4.5, 3.1.6, and 4.1.3, which validate bracketed IP literals against the full grammar and mark malformed literals as authority errors. Users should upgrade to a patched version.
CWE:   CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-76172
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri is a URI parser for Node.js. During parsing it runs a legacy decoding pass over the scheme component and never re-escapes the result, and serialization writes the scheme back out verbatim, unlike the host component which is re-escaped. As a result an input whose scheme carries percent-encoded slashes parses as a scheme with no authority, so the parsed host and error are both undefined, yet resolving or normalizing that same input emits a network-path reference whose authority is attacker-chosen and re-parses to that host. An application that allowlists on the parsed host, or treats a reference with no authority as safe to resolve against its base, gets the opposite of what it checked, giving an off-site redirect, server-side request forgery, or address-policy bypass. The legacy decoder also expands non-standard escape forms, widening the issue past upstream filters, and control characters in the scheme can reach the output as raw carriage return and line feed. The affected versions are 2.3.1 up to but not including 2.4.5, 3.0.0 up to but not including 3.1.6, and 4.0.0 up to but not including 4.1.3. The issue is fixed in 2.4.5, 3.1.6, and 4.1.3, which reject a scheme that is not valid after decoding. Users should upgrade to a patched version.
CWE:   CWE-177: Improper Handling of URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-62243
DESCRIPTION:   Netty (io.netty:netty-handler) versions from 4.2.0.Final through 4.2.16.Final and versions through 4.1.136.Final disable TLS hostname verification on the SslProvider.OPENSSL client path when a plain (non-extended) X509TrustManager is used and Unsafe-based trust-manager wrapping is unavailable (Java 25+). In this configuration the OpenSSL client does not perform hostname verification, allowing a man-in-the-middle attacker to present a certificate issued for a different hostname that is accepted without validation. Fixed in 4.2.17.Final and 4.1.137.Final.
CWE:   CWE-297: Improper Validation of Certificate with Host Mismatch
CVSS Source:   disclosure@vulncheck.com
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59284
DESCRIPTION:   There is no allow list for property keys when Spring Cloud Commons writable /actuator/env is enabled. Spring Cloud Commons 5.0.0 - 5.0.2 Spring Cloud Commons 4.3.0 - 4.3.3 Spring Cloud Commons 4.0.0 - 4.2.6 Spring Cloud Commons 3.1.10 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-915: Improperly Controlled Modification of Dynamically-Determined Object Attributes
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   7.6
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:N/I:H/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-82417
DESCRIPTION:   ### Summary `qs.stringify` throws a `TypeError` when it serializes an object whose own `constructor` property has a truthy, non-callable `isBuffer` member. `utils.isBuffer` duck-types buffers by calling `obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)` after checking only that the property is truthy, so a value such as `{ constructor: { isBuffer: "x" } }` makes the call throw `TypeError: obj.constructor.isBuffer is not a function`. ### Details `lib/stringify.js:127` calls `utils.isBuffer` on every non-primitive value it serializes. `utils.isBuffer` (`lib/utils.js:332`) reads `obj.constructor.isBuffer` and invokes it without verifying that it is a function. `constructor` and `isBuffer` are ordinary property names, so any object carrying them as own properties reaches the unchecked call. Such an object can be built from untrusted input. `qs.parse("x[constructor][isBuffer]=y", { plainObjects: true })` or `{ allowPrototypes: true }` keeps the `constructor` key as an own property (the default parse options drop it), and `JSON.parse("{\"a\":{\"constructor\":{\"isBuffer\":\"x\"}}}")` produces the same shape with no qs option involved. Express 4 with its default `query parser` setting and body-parser with `extended: true` both call `qs.parse` with `allowPrototypes: true`, so on those stacks `req.query` and `req.body` can carry the shape directly. #### PoC ```js var qs = require("qs"); qs.stringify(qs.parse("x[constructor][isBuffer]=y", { plainObjects: true })); qs.stringify(JSON.parse("{\"a\":{\"constructor\":{\"isBuffer\":\"x\"}}}")); // TypeError: obj.constructor.isBuffer is not a function // at Object.isBuffer (lib/utils.js:332:78) // at stringify (lib/stringify.js:127:45) ``` #### Fix `lib/utils.js`, applied in e83d321 on `main` and released as v6.16.0: ```diff - return !!(obj.constructor && obj.constructor.isBuffer && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)); + return !!(obj.constructor && typeof obj.constructor.isBuffer === "function" && obj.constructor.isBuffer(obj)); ``` Real `Buffer`, `safer-buffer`, and browserify `buffer` polyfill instances serialize exactly as before; only the throw is removed. ### Affected versions `=2.2.5 6.16.0`, fixed in v6.16.0. The unguarded duck-type was introduced in 3768a75 and first shipped in v2.2.5 (September 2014). v2.2.4 and earlier used `Buffer.isBuffer` and are not affected. Every release from v2.2.5 through v6.15.3 contains the unguarded call. ### Impact An unauthenticated request can make any code path that re-serializes attacker-influenced data with `qs.stringify` (for example, rebuilding a query string from `req.query` for a redirect or an upstream request, or serializing a parsed JSON body) throw synchronously. In a typical Node.js HTTP framework the throw is caught by the framework error boundary and the affected request returns a 500; the process survives and other requests are unaffected. Where the call runs outside an error boundary, such as an `async` Express 4 handler (where the throw becomes an unhandled promise rejection) or a background job, the process exits, so the impact in that case depends on the application error handling rather than on qs.
CWE:   CWE-248: Uncaught Exception
CVSS Source:   harborist
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-82562
DESCRIPTION:   ### Summary When `qs.parse` is called with `comma: true` and `throwOnLimitExceeded: true`, a comma-separated value under a bracket-push key (`a[]=1,2,3,4`) is split into an array without being compared against `arrayLimit`, while the same value under a flat key (`a=1,2,3,4`), an indexed key (`a[0]=`), a nested key (`a[b]=`), or a dotted key (`a.b=` with `allowDots`) throws the documented `RangeError`. A single parameter such as `a[]=1,2,2,...` therefore produces an inner array of arbitrary length even though the caller opted into the hard limit. This is the `[]=` key form that the fix for CVE-2026-2391 (qs 6.14.2) did not cover. ### Details In `lib/parse.js`, a comma-separated value under a `[]=` key is split and then wrapped as a single nested element (`val = [val]`, so that each `a[]=x,y` group counts as one element of the outer array). The `arrayLimit` check that 6.14.2 added for comma values runs after that wrap, so for `[]=` parts it only ever saw the wrapper of length 1. 6.15.3 added a pre-split comma count so that an oversized value throws before it is allocated, but gated it on an `isFlatArrayValue` flag that `parseValues` set to `false` for any part containing `[]=`, and did not pass it for object-valued input, so the gap remained. #### PoC ```js var qs = require('qs'); var options = { comma: true, arrayLimit: 3, throwOnLimitExceeded: true }; qs.parse('a=1,2,3,4', options); // RangeError: Array limit exceeded. Only 3 elements allowed in an array. qs.parse('a[]=1,2,3,4', options); // { a: [ [ '1', '2', '3', '4' ] ] } (no throw) qs.parse('a[]=' + '1,'.repeat(1000000) + '1', { comma: true, arrayLimit: 20, throwOnLimitExceeded: true }); // no throw; a 1,000,001-element inner array is allocated ``` #### Fix `lib/parse.js`, applied in 8859c37 on `main` and released as v6.16.0: the `isFlatArrayValue` gate is removed, so every comma-split value is counted against `arrayLimit` before splitting regardless of key form. An in-limit group under `a[]=` still counts as one element of the outer array, and the default (`throwOnLimitExceeded: false`) path is unchanged. ### Affected versions `=6.14.2 6.16.0`, fixed in v6.16.0. v6.14.2 introduced `arrayLimit` enforcement for comma values (the fix for CVE-2026-2391) but only for values not under a `[]=` key, and every release from v6.14.2 through v6.15.3 has the same gap. v6.14.0 and v6.14.1, where `throwOnLimitExceeded` exists but does not apply to any comma form, are covered by CVE-2026-2391 rather than this record. Earlier lines (6.7.x through 6.13.x) have `comma` but no `throwOnLimitExceeded`, so there is no hard cap on any comma path to bypass; releases before 6.7.0 have no `comma` option. ### Impact An unauthenticated attacker who can reach an application that parses untrusted query strings or urlencoded bodies with both `comma: true` and `throwOnLimitExceeded: true` (both non-default) can bypass the configured limit with a single `a[]=` parameter and force the parser to allocate an array proportional to the request size. The cost is strictly linear in the attacker-supplied bytes (about 0.1 microseconds and 6 to 7 retained bytes per input byte; the same out-of-memory threshold as the documented default `throwOnLimitExceeded: false` path), so a transport-layer request or body size limit bounds it completely (and node's default maximum HTTP header size of 16 KB already bounds the request line, so multi-megabyte payloads need a body parser). The impact is that an opt-in hard limit fails open on one key spelling, not unbounded allocation from a small input.
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   Harborist
CVSS Base score:   3.7
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59276
DESCRIPTION:   Several components in Spring Security compare security-sensitive values using standard string equality (String.equals()) rather than a constant-time comparison. Because String.equals() returns as soon as it finds a differing character, the time taken to reject an incorrect value is proportional to the number of leading characters that match the expected value. Spring Security 7.1.0 Spring Security 7.0.0 - 7.0.6 Spring Security 6.5.0 - 6.5.11 Spring Security 6.4.0 - 6.4.18 Spring Security 5.8.0 - 5.8.27 Spring Security 5.7.0 - 5.7.25
CWE:   CWE-208: Observable Timing Discrepancy
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47886
DESCRIPTION:   Applications that evaluate user-supplied Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions may be vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack when the power operator (^) is used with a BigDecimal or BigInteger operand and a large exponent value. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-64607
DESCRIPTION:   HttpClient based on the classic i/o model fails to correctly release the underlying connection back to the connection manager if it encounters an invalid or unsupported `Content-Encoding` header value in the response message. Please note this defect does not affect HttpClient based on the async i/o model. This issue affects Apache HttpComponents Client: from 5.0-alpha1 through 5.6.2.
CWE:   CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-18446
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri before 4.1.2, 3.1.5, and 2.4.4 requires a literal double forward slash to recognize a URI authority, so a reference that uses a backslash based introducer in place of it (backslash backslash, forward slash backslash, or backslash forward slash) is parsed with no authority and folds into the path. Node's native WHATWG URL parser instead treats a backslash as interchangeable with a forward slash for special schemes, so the two parsers extract different hosts from the same input. Applications that use fast-uri to enforce host based policy such as allowlists, SSRF filtering, or redirect validation before passing the same URL into Node's URL or fetch consumers can be steered to an unintended host. Upgrade to fast-uri 4.1.2, 3.1.5, or 2.4.4.
CWE:   CWE-436: Interpretation Conflict
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-84292
DESCRIPTION:   fast-uri serializes the port component of a URI without validating it. When recomposing the authority, the userinfo and host components are escaped but the port is concatenated verbatim, so a port value that is not a sequence of digits can inject authority delimiters, demoting the intended host to userinfo and pointing the authority at an attacker-controlled host. Both fast-uri and Node's URL read the result back as the attacker's host with no error, so re-validating the built URI does not catch it. This affects applications that build URIs from parts and assign untrusted data to the port component through the serialize, normalize, or equal functions in their object forms. The issue affects fast-uri versions before 2.4.6, from 3.0.0 before 3.1.7, and from 4.0.0 before 4.1.4. It is fixed in 2.4.6, 3.1.7, and 4.1.4, where recomposeAuthority rejects any port that is not a digit sequence per RFC 3986.
CWE:   CWE-116: Improper Encoding or Escaping of Output
CVSS Source:   openjs
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21710
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js HTTP request handling causes an uncaught `TypeError` when a request is received with a header named `__proto__` and the application accesses `req.headersDistinct`. When this occurs, `dest["__proto__"]` resolves to `Object.prototype` rather than `undefined`, causing `.push()` to be called on a non-array. This exception is thrown synchronously inside a property getter and cannot be intercepted by `error` event listeners, meaning it cannot be handled without wrapping every `req.headersDistinct` access in a `try/catch`. * This vulnerability affects all Node.js HTTP servers on **20.x, 22.x, 24.x, and v25.x**
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   CISA-ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21712
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js URL processing causes an assertion failure in native code when `url.format()` is called with a malformed internationalized domain name (IDN) containing invalid characters, crashing the Node.js process.
CWE:   CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21713
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js HMAC verification uses a non-constant-time comparison when validating user-provided signatures, potentially leaking timing information proportional to the number of matching bytes. Under certain threat models where high-resolution timing measurements are possible, this behavior could be exploited as a timing oracle to infer HMAC values. Node.js already provides timing-safe comparison primitives used elsewhere in the codebase, indicating this is an oversight rather than an intentional design decision. This vulnerability affects **20.x, 22.x, 24.x, and 25.x**.
CWE:   CWE-208: Observable Timing Discrepancy
CVSS Source:   support@hackerone.com
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21714
DESCRIPTION:   A memory leak occurs in Node.js HTTP/2 servers when a client sends WINDOW_UPDATE frames on stream 0 (connection-level) that cause the flow control window to exceed the maximum value of 2³¹-1. The server correctly sends a GOAWAY frame, but the Http2Session object is never cleaned up. This vulnerability affects HTTP2 users on Node.js 20, 22, 24 and 25.
CWE:   CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
CVSS Source:   support@hackerone.com
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.0/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21715
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js Permission Model filesystem enforcement leaves `fs.realpathSync.native()` without the required read permission checks, while all comparable filesystem functions correctly enforce them. As a result, code running under `--permission` with restricted `--allow-fs-read` can still use `fs.realpathSync.native()` to check file existence, resolve symlink targets, and enumerate filesystem paths outside of permitted directories. This vulnerability affects **20.x, 22.x, 24.x, and 25.x** processes using the Permission Model where `--allow-fs-read` is intentionally restricted.
CWE:   CWE-732: Incorrect Permission Assignment for Critical Resource
CVSS Source:   support@hackerone.com
CVSS Base score:   3.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21716
DESCRIPTION:   An incomplete fix for CVE-2024-36137 leaves `FileHandle.chmod()` and `FileHandle.chown()` in the promises API without the required permission checks, while their callback-based equivalents (`fs.fchmod()`, `fs.fchown()`) were correctly patched. As a result, code running under `--permission` with restricted `--allow-fs-write` can still use promise-based `FileHandle` methods to modify file permissions and ownership on already-open file descriptors, bypassing the intended write restrictions. This vulnerability affects **20.x, 22.x, 24.x, and 25.x** processes using the Permission Model where `--allow-fs-write` is intentionally restricted.
CWE:   CWE-862: Missing Authorization
CVSS Source:   support@hackerone.com
CVSS Base score:   3.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.0/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-21717
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in V8's string hashing mechanism causes integer-like strings to be hashed to their numeric value, making hash collisions trivially predictable. By crafting a request that causes many such collisions in V8's internal string table, an attacker can significantly degrade performance of the Node.js process. The most common trigger is any endpoint that calls `JSON.parse()` on attacker-controlled input, as JSON parsing automatically internalizes short strings into the affected hash table. This vulnerability affects **20.x, 22.x, 24.x, and 25.x**.
CWE:   CWE-328: Use of Weak Hash
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-48617
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement allows Bypass via `process.report.writeReport()` Path Misvalidation. This can lead to confidentiality impact or bypass of the intended security boundary under affected configurations. This vulnerability affects all supported release lines: **Node.js 22**, **Node.js 24**, and **Node.js 26**.
CWE:   CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   8.2
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-48937
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js HTTP/2 server API can cause servers to keep accepting data even after sending a `GOAWAY` frame. This vulnerability affects two supported release lines: **Node.js 22** and **Node.js 24**.
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-56847
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement allows `trace_events.createTracing().enable()` Writes Trace Logs Outside `--allow-fs-write`. This can lead to confidentiality impact or bypass of the intended security boundary under affected configurations. This vulnerability affects Node.js **22.x**, **24.x**, and **26.x**.
CWE:   CWE-1119: Excessive Use of Unconditional Branching
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   6.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-56850
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js HTTPS Agent connection reuse can cause PFX object-array key collisions, allowing mutual TLS (mTLS) client identities to be reused across requests configured with different client certificates. This vulnerability affects Node.js **26.x**, **24.x**, and **22.x**.
CWE:   CWE-287: Improper Authentication
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   4.4
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-58043
DESCRIPTION:   A flaw in Node.js Permission Model enforcement can over-grant filesystem access across radix-tree prefix boundaries. Under `--permission`, an attacker who is granted access to one path can abuse boundary handling to read from or write to paths outside the intended filesystem allowlist. This vulnerability affects Node.js **main**, **22.x**, **24.x**, and **26.x**.
CWE:   CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   8.4
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47834
DESCRIPTION:   Spring Data JPA's Sort validation can be bypassed when parameters containing crafted payload are accepted from untrusted sources. Spring Data JPA 4.1.0 Spring Data JPA 4.0.0 - 4.0.6 Spring Data JPA 3.5.0 - 3.5.13 Spring Data JPA 3.0.0 - 3.4.15
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-73508
DESCRIPTION:   Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final, io.netty.handler.codec.dns.AbstractDnsRecord, io.netty.handler.codec.dns.DefaultDnsRecordDecoder.decodeRecord(), and io.netty.handler.codec.dns.DnsCodecUtil.decompressDomainName() failed to release retained or newly allocated ByteBuf objects when IDN.toASCII() or encodeDomainName() rejected a malformed domain name, allowing unauthenticated remote DNS packets to leak direct memory incrementally until denial of service. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.136.Final and 4.2.16.Final.
CWE:   CWE-772: Missing Release of Resource after Effective Lifetime
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47883
DESCRIPTION:   UrlHandlerFilter can be vulnerable to an open redirect when configured with very broadly matching patterns. The issue applies to the filter variants in both Spring MVC and Spring WebFlux. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19
CWE:   CWE-601: URL Redirection to Untrusted Site ('Open Redirect')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47885
DESCRIPTION:   The PartEventHttpMessageReader in Spring WebFlux does not enforce the maxPartSize limit when maxInMemorySize is set to -1. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47889
DESCRIPTION:   A WebFlux application running on the Jetty 12 Core reactive adapter serializes response cookies without the sameSite attribute. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19
CWE:   CWE-1275: Sensitive Cookie with Improper SameSite Attribute
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47891
DESCRIPTION:   A Spring WebFlux application that relies on the Aalto XML processor to parse XML input does not correctly enforce the maxInMemorySize limit. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59283
DESCRIPTION:   Applications that evaluate Spring Expression Language (SpEL) expressions using SimpleEvaluationContext may be vulnerable to a safety guard bypass when the SpEL expression compiler is active. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-913: Improper Control of Dynamically-Managed Code Resources
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-33818
DESCRIPTION:   Enforce a recursion limit in Unmarshal to prevent stack exhaustion when parsing deeply-nested, recursive structures.
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-56853
DESCRIPTION:   When a server is configured to support unencrypted HTTP/2, it reads a few bytes from each new connection to see if they contain the HTTP/2 client preface. ReadHeaderTimeout is unexpectedly not being applied when doing this.
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-56860
DESCRIPTION:   Previously, resolving relative paths containing parent directory ('..') segments performed string conversions and buffer rewrites on each step, resulting in quadratic time complexity and high memory allocation overhead. Now, path resolution operates on a byte buffer using index-based backtracking for '..' segments, eliminating the quadratic time complexity and significantly reducing memory allocations.
CWE:   CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-56862
DESCRIPTION:   Handshake messages, such as KeyUpdate, are always considered as state-advancing, regardless of whether a handshake has been completed or not. As a result, a malicious client can keep sending KeyUpdate messages to force the server to keep performing key derivation operations indefinitely.
CWE:   CWE-770: Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47857
DESCRIPTION:   In Reactor Core, applications that use the Flux.windowTimeout operator with fairBackpressure enabled are vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. Reactor Core 3.8.0 - 3.8.6 Reactor Core 3.5.0 - 3.7.19 Reactor Core 3.4.41 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-190: Integer Overflow or Wraparound
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47863
DESCRIPTION:   In Reactor Core, applications that use the Flux.bufferTimeout operator with fairBackpressure enabled are vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) condition. Reactor Core 3.8.0 - 3.8.6 Reactor Core 3.7.19 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-835: Loop with Unreachable Exit Condition ('Infinite Loop')
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-83557
DESCRIPTION:   DefaultBaseTypeLimitingValidator is the PolymorphicTypeValidator applied automatically whenever @JsonTypeInfo is used without an explicitly configured custom validator. It denies polymorphic resolution only for a fixed set of "unsafe base types", and its isSafeSubType method returns true unconditionally for every base type outside that set. java.lang.Comparable was absent from the list despite being implemented by a very large fraction of JDK and application classes, comparable in breadth to java.io.Serializable, which is on the list for that reason. An application declaring an @JsonTypeInfo-annotated property or class with Comparable as its base type, and no custom PolymorphicTypeValidator, will accept a type identifier for essentially any class implementing Comparable. This yields an attacker-controlled object instantiation primitive; a demonstrated case constructs a java.io.File for an arbitrary attacker-chosen path, which becomes path-traversal-adjacent if the application subsequently calls path-sensitive methods on the value. No class implementing Comparable has been identified that yields code execution through deserialization alone. Global Default Typing via activateDefaultTyping is not affected, because that method structurally requires an explicit PolymorphicTypeValidator argument. This affects com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind from 2.11.0 before 2.18.10, from 2.19.0 before 2.21.6, and from 2.22.0 before 2.22.2, and tools.jackson.core:jackson-databind from 3.0.0 before 3.1.6 and from 3.2.0 before 3.2.2. Users should upgrade to 2.18.10, 2.21.6, 2.22.2, 3.1.6, or 3.2.2.
CWE:   CWE-502: Deserialization of Untrusted Data
CVSS Source:   HeroDevs
CVSS Base score:   5.6
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59317
DESCRIPTION:   DeadLetterPublishingRecovererFactory reads the retry_topic-original-timestamp header from an inbound ConsumerRecord and passes its raw bytes directly to new BigInteger(header.value()) with no length or format validation. Spring for Apache Kafka 4.1.0 Spring for Apache Kafka 4.0.0 - 4.0.6 Spring for Apache Kafka 3.0.0 - 3.3.16 Spring for Apache Kafka 2.9.0 - 2.9.14 Spring for Apache Kafka 2.8.12 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-1284: Improper Validation of Specified Quantity in Input
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47842
DESCRIPTION:   Applications using AesBytesEncryptor with the two-argument constructor or when passing a null IV generator and CBC as the encryption mode encrypt data with AES/CBC using a null (all-zero) initialization vector. Spring Security 7.1.0 Spring Security 7.0.0 - 7.0.6 Spring Security 6.5.0 - 6.5.11 Spring Security 6.4.0 - 6.4.18 Spring Security 5.8.0 - 5.8.27 Spring Security 5.7.0 - 5.7.25
CWE:   CWE-326: Inadequate Encryption Strength
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-19880
DESCRIPTION:   Path-traversal vulnerability in QOS.CH Sarl Logback-classic on Java (logback-classic module) allows path-traversal vulnerability. More specifically, an MDC-based discriminator value flows unsanitized into a nested FileAppender path, letting an attacker who influences that MDC value (e.g. via an HTTP header) create and append log files outside the intended directory. This issue affects Logback-classic: from 0.9.14 through 1.6.2.
CWE:   CWE-22: Improper Limitation of a Pathname to a Restricted Directory ('Path Traversal')
CVSS Source:   vulnerability@ncsc.ch
CVSS Base score:   6.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:P/AU:N/R:X/V:X/RE:M/U:Green)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-75595
DESCRIPTION:   Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Fina and 4.2.17.Final, io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode checks the wrong offset before reading the four-byte TLS handshake header, so a ClientHello whose handshake header spans records can cause an IndexOutOfBoundsException and invoke select(ctx, null). This selects the default SslContext instead of the SNI-specific context. In deployments where per-SNI clientAuth=REQUIRE is the sole mutual TLS gate, the default SslContext uses clientAuth=NONE or clientAuth=OPTIONAL, and no application-layer certificate verification exists, an unauthenticated remote attacker can bypass the protected route's mutual TLS requirement. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
CWE:   CWE-754: Improper Check for Unusual or Exceptional Conditions
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-75596
DESCRIPTION:   Netty is an asynchronous, event-driven network application framework. Prior to 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final, the default io.netty.handler.ssl.SniHandler constructors use the pre-handshake ClientHello aggregation path in handler/src/main/java/io/netty/handler/ssl/SslClientHelloHandler.java at io.netty.handler.ssl.SslClientHelloHandler#decode, where handshakeBuffer.clear() and writeBytes() recopy all previously received body bytes for every additional TLS record. An unauthenticated remote peer can advertise a large ClientHello and deliver its body in thousands of tiny records, causing quadratic CPU work on the event loop before the TLS handshake completes and degrading TLS handling for other clients. This issue is fixed in versions 4.1.137.Final and 4.2.17.Final.
CWE:   CWE-407: Inefficient Algorithmic Complexity
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-41707
DESCRIPTION:   Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Spring Spring Security allows Spring Security's DPoPProofJwtDecoderFactory contains a cache-based replay attack vulnerability. The internal cache storing JWT ID claims has a strict size limit, allowing attackers to evict legitimate entries by flooding the server with dummy requests, then replay intercepted valid DPoP proofs. This issue affects Spring Security: 7.1.0, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, and from 6.5.0 through 6.5.11.
CWE:   CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   7.4
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-54399
DESCRIPTION:   Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in the HTTP/1.1 message parser in Apache HttpComponents Core (5.4.2 and earlier, 5.5-beta1 and earlier) allows an remote attacker to cause a denial of service through memory exhaustion by sending messages with excessive number of headers / excessive header length
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-54428
DESCRIPTION:   Allocation of resources without limits or throttling in the HTTP/2 HPACK decoder in Apache HttpComponents Core (5.4.2 and earlier, 5.5-beta1 and earlier) allows an remote attacker to cause a denial of service through memory exhaustion by sending oversized compressed header blocks before the HTTP/2 SETTINGS acknowledgement causes the configured header list size limit to be applied.
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-18710
DESCRIPTION:   A MongoDB driver component could write sensitive configuration information, including a credential used for outbound network connectivity, to application log output in cleartext during routine client initialization. This occurs automatically as part of normal operation and requires no special privileges to trigger. A party able to read the affected application's logs or downstream log-aggregation storage could recover the credential and reuse it to authenticate to the associated network infrastructure. This issue affects confidentiality only.
CWE:   CWE-532: Insertion of Sensitive Information into Log File
CVSS Source:   cna@mongodb.com
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47841
DESCRIPTION:   An application using Spring Security's WebAuthn support may be vulnerable to user verification bypass when using a distributed HTTP session store. Spring Security 7.1.0 Spring Security 7.0.0 - 7.0.6 Spring Security 6.5.0 - 6.5.11 Spring Security 6.4.0 - 6.4.18
CWE:   CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   7.4
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59295
DESCRIPTION:   It is possible for outbound HTTP requests using a Micrometer-instrumented client to cause a denial-of-service (DoS) condition due to an unbounded memory leak. Micrometer 1.17.0 Micrometer 1.16.0 - 1.16.6 Micrometer 1.15.0 - 1.15.12 Micrometer 1.14.0 - 1.14.16 Micrometer 1.9.18 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59296
DESCRIPTION:   Using untrusted, non-normalized input as-is for metrics data (such as metric names, tag keys, or tag values) is a dangerous antipattern that general-purpose instrumentation should never perform. Micrometer 1.17.0 Micrometer 1.16.0 - 1.16.6 Micrometer 1.15.0 - 1.15.12 Micrometer 1.14.0 - 1.14.16 Micrometer 1.9.18 and earlier
CWE:   CWE-74: Improper Neutralization of Special Elements in Output Used by a Downstream Component ('Injection')
CVSS Source:   security@vmware.com
CVSS Base score:   5.9
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59281
DESCRIPTION:   Spring MVC and WebFlux applications that obtain a data-binding Errors instance with HTML escaping enabled and then render field errors using the no-argument Errors.getFieldErrors() or Errors.getFieldError() accessors are vulnerable to arbitrary HTML/JavaScript code injection, potentially resulting in a reflected cross-site scripting (XSS) vulnerability. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-79: Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation ('Cross-site Scripting')
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59314
DESCRIPTION:   Applications that build a Content-Disposition header value from untrusted input may be vulnerable to HTTP response splitting when the input is a malicious file name. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-113: Improper Neutralization of CRLF Sequences in HTTP Headers ('HTTP Request/Response Splitting')
CVSS Source:   NVD
CVSS Base score:   3.7
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59083
DESCRIPTION:   Improper Handling of URL Encoding (Hex Encoding) vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's rewrite valve allowed security constraint bypass for some configurations. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.23, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.56, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.119, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100. Other versions that have reached end of support may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.24, 10.1.57 or 9.0.120, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-177: Improper Handling of URL Encoding (Hex Encoding)
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59084
DESCRIPTION:   Insufficient Technical Documentation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat since the requirements to securely configure the EncryptInterceptor were not clearly documented. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.23, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.56, from 9.0.13 through 9.0.119, from 8.5.38 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.100 through 7.0.109. Other versions that have reached end of support may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.24, 10.1.57 or 9.0.120 which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-1059: Insufficient Technical Documentation
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-65182
DESCRIPTION:   Improper Access Control, Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Apache Tomcat leads to security constraint bypass if a constraint for a longer path is specified before a more restrictive constraint for a shorter sub-path. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120, from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58, 9.0.121, which fixes the issue.
CWE:   CWE-284: Improper Access Control
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-65183
DESCRIPTION:   Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition vulnerability in Apache Tomcat when creating unix domain sockets allows an unauthorised local user to access the unix domain socket. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.42 through 9.0.120. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58, 9.0.121, which fixes the issue.
CWE:   CWE-367: Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) Race Condition
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   8.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-65637
DESCRIPTION:   Improper Input Validation vulnerability in Apache Tomcat due to incomplete fix for CVE-2026-32990. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.20 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.53 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.115 through 9.0.120. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-20: Improper Input Validation
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-65905
DESCRIPTION:   Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's DIGEST authenticator. If, before windowSize requests have been made, a client makes a DIGEST authenticated request with a nonceCount on the upper boundary of the replay window then that request is replayable once only while the associated nonceCount remains within the replay window.   This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.30 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-294: Authentication Bypass by Capture-replay
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-65927
DESCRIPTION:   Off-by-one Error vulnerability in Apache Tomcat impacting the [N] flag on the rewrite valves causes rewrite processing to restart at the second rule rather than the first rule. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121 which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-193: Off-by-one Error
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-66422
DESCRIPTION:   Improper Authorization vulnerability in Apache Tomcat cause by security-role-ref definitions being incorrectly used as role aliases within the Realm in additional to the correct usage with Request.isUserInRole(). This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.25 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.46 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.97 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-285: Improper Authorization
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   8.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-68525
DESCRIPTION:   Incorrect Authorization vulnerability in Apache Tomcat's FORM authentication process allows the bypassing of a security constraint that limits user has access to a resource POST but not GET. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fixes the issue.
CWE:   CWE-863: Incorrect Authorization
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   9.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-68569
DESCRIPTION:   Improper Authentication vulnerability in Apache Tomcat meant that in some circumstances (e.g. CLIENT-CERT, SPNEGO) that a user would be authenticated even if the user did not exist in the DataSourceRealm. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-287: Improper Authentication
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   8.1
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-68763
DESCRIPTION:   Uncontrolled Resource Consumption vulnerability in Apache Tomcat via an allocation leak in the HTTP/2 backlog tracking when a stream is reset This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.39 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.59 through 8.5.100. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-19032
DESCRIPTION:   jackson-databind's deserializer for java.nio.file.Path resolves an attacker-supplied URI without restricting the URI scheme. In JDKFromStringDeserializer.NioPathHelper.deserialize, a string bound from untrusted JSON is passed to new URI(value) and then to Path.of(uri). When that throws FileSystemNotFoundException, the code enumerates ServiceLoaderFileSystemProvider and calls provider.getPath(uri) on the first provider whose scheme matches the attacker-chosen scheme. Untrusted JSON can therefore select and drive an arbitrary registered FileSystemProvider during readValue under a default JsonMapper, and forces provider class loading at the same time. With only the JDK built-in providers (file, jar/zipfs) present, the resolved path is inert and no mount or network I/O occurs; further impact requires a side-effecting third-party FileSystemProvider on the classpath. This affects com.fasterxml.jackson.core:jackson-databind from 2.8.0 before 2.18.10, from 2.19.0 before 2.21.6, and from 2.22.0 before 2.22.2, and tools.jackson.core:jackson-databind from 3.0.0 before 3.1.6 and from 3.2.0 before 3.2.2. Users should upgrade to 2.18.10, 2.21.6, 2.22.2, 3.1.6, or 3.2.2. Binding java.nio.file.Path from untrusted JSON should be avoided regardless of version.
CWE:   CWE-470: Use of Externally-Controlled Input to Select Classes or Code ('Unsafe Reflection')
CVSS Source:   HeroDevs
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:L)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-59282
DESCRIPTION:   Spring Framework applications that use Spring's data binding infrastructure to apply user-supplied property paths onto a target object may be vulnerable to a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.25.RELEASE and earlier
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-73180
DESCRIPTION:   Insufficient Session Expiration vulnerability in Apache Tomcat meant that if the session ID for an authenticated HTTP session was changed after a WebSocket connection had been established under that authenticated HTTP session, the WebSokcet session would not be closed as required by the Jakarta WebSocket specification when the HTTP session ended. This issue affects Apache Tomcat: from 11.0.0-M1 through 11.0.24, from 10.1.0-M1 through 10.1.57, from 9.0.0.M1 through 9.0.120. The following versions were EOL at the time the CVE was created but are known to be affected: from 8.5.0 through 8.5.100, from 7.0.43 through 7.0.109. Other unsupported versions may also be affected. Users are recommended to upgrade to version 11.0.25, 10.1.58 or 9.0.121, which fix the issue.
CWE:   CWE-613: Insufficient Session Expiration
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.8
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-84375
DESCRIPTION:   js-yaml is a JavaScript YAML parser and dumper. From 3.0.0 until 3.15.2 and 4.3.2, maxTotalMergeKeys in lib/js-yaml/loader.js and lib/loader.js does not count empty mapping sources while processing the merge key . An attacker can alias a large sequence of empty mappings into many merge targets, causing O(N * K) processing while totalMergeKeys remains unchanged and the configured resource limit is never reached. A relatively small YAML document can therefore cause prolonged CPU consumption in applications that parse untrusted YAML, and merge processing is enabled by default on these release lines. This issue is fixed in versions 3.15.2 and 4.3.2.
CWE:   CWE-400: Uncontrolled Resource Consumption
CVSS Source:   security-advisories@github.com
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-47888
DESCRIPTION:   A Spring RSocket application is exposed to a memory leak via a malformed SETUP frame. Spring Framework 7.0.0 - 7.0.8 Spring Framework 6.2.0 - 6.2.19 Spring Framework 6.1.0 - 6.1.28 Spring Framework 6.0.0 - 6.0.30 Spring Framework 5.3.0 - 5.3.49 Spring Framework 5.2.0.RELEASE - 5.2.25.RELEASE
CWE:   CWE-401: Missing Release of Memory after Effective Lifetime
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   7.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H)