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Security Bulletin: Multiple vulnerabilities impacts AIX due to cURL libcurl (CVE-2026-1965, CVE-2026-3783, CVE-2026-3784)

Security Bulletin


Summary

Multiple vulnerabilities in the curl/libcurl are related to unauthorized access.

Vulnerability Details

CVEID:   CVE-2026-1965
DESCRIPTION:   libcurl can in some circumstances reuse the wrong connection when asked to do an Negotiate-authenticated HTTP or HTTPS request. libcurl features a pool of recent connections so that subsequent requests can reuse an existing connection to avoid overhead. When reusing a connection a range of criterion must first be met. Due to a logical error in the code, a request that was issued by an application could wrongfully reuse an existing connection to the same server that was authenticated using different credentials. One underlying reason being that Negotiate sometimes authenticates *connections* and not *requests*, contrary to how HTTP is designed to work. An application that allows Negotiate authentication to a server (that responds wanting Negotiate) with `user1:password1` and then does another operation to the same server also using Negotiate but with `user2:password2` (while the previous connection is still alive) - the second request wrongly reused the same connection and since it then sees that the Negotiate negotiation is already made, it just sends the request over that connection thinking it uses the user2 credentials when it is in fact still using the connection authenticated for user1... The set of authentication methods to use is set with `CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH`. Applications can disable libcurl's reuse of connections and thus mitigate this problem, by using one of the following libcurl options to alter how connections are or are not reused: `CURLOPT_FRESH_CONNECT`, `CURLOPT_MAXCONNECTS` and `CURLMOPT_MAX_HOST_CONNECTIONS` (if using the curl_multi API).
CWE:   CWE-305: Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-3783
DESCRIPTION:   When an OAuth2 bearer token is used for an HTTP(S) transfer, and that transfer performs a redirect to a second URL, curl could leak that token to the second hostname under some circumstances. If the hostname that the first request is redirected to has information in the used .netrc file, with either of the `machine` or `default` keywords, curl would pass on the bearer token set for the first host also to the second one.
CWE:   CWE-522: Insufficiently Protected Credentials
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   5.3
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N)

CVEID:   CVE-2026-3784
DESCRIPTION:   curl would wrongly reuse an existing HTTP proxy connection doing CONNECT to a server, even if the new request uses different credentials for the HTTP proxy. The proper behavior is to create or use a separate connection.
CWE:   CWE-305: Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness
CVSS Source:   CISA ADP
CVSS Base score:   6.5
CVSS Vector:   (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N)

Affected Products and Versions

Affected Product(s)Version(s)
AIX7.3
The following fileset levels are vulnerable:
Fileset
Lower LevelUpper LevelKEY
oss.lib.libcurl
7.79.1.0
7.79.1.0
key_w_fs
oss.lib.libcurl
8.1.2.0
8.1.2.0
key_w_fs
oss.lib.libcurl
8.5.0.0
8.5.0.2
key_w_fs
Note: This bulletin does not apply to versions of curl installed from the AIX Toolbox.

To find out whether the affected filesets are installed on your systems, refer to the lslpp command found in AIX user's guide.
Example:  lslpp -L | grep -i oss.lib.libcurl


key_fileset = aix


Remediation/Fixes

        A. FIXES

            IBM strongly recommends addressing the vulnerability now.

            AIX fixes are available.

            The AIX fixes can be downloaded via https from:
            https://aix.software.ibm.com/aix/efixes/security/curl_fix10.tar 

            The link above is to a tar file containing this signed
            advisory, fix packages, and OpenSSL signatures for each package.
            The fixes below include prerequisite checking. This will
            enforce the correct mapping between the fixes and AIX
            Technology Levels.

            Note that the tar file contains Interim fixes that are based on
            Curl version, and AIX Curl fixes are cumulative.

            AIX Level       Interim Fix (*.Z)        KEY
            --------------------------------------------------
            7.3             3784ma.260518.epkg.Z     key_w_fix 

            Please reference the Affected Products and Version section above
            for help with checking installed fileset levels.

            To extract the fixes from the tar file:

            tar xvf curl_fix10.tar
            cd curl_fix10

            Verify you have retrieved the fixes intact:

            The checksums below were generated using the 
			"openssl dgst -sha256 [filename]" command as the following:

            openssl dgst -sha256                                              filename                 KEY
            -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            1554c73f9f181291b515225a96c2f241488d513a73fa1419182fb5b33b4a6c47  3784ma.260518.epkg.Z     key_w_csum


            The checksums below were generated using the
			"openssl dgst -sha512 [filename]" command as the following:

            openssl dgst -sha512                                                                                                              filename
            ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
            817030720de4e128685e6f4dde802d6b448499d61505216765797d5fec38cdce93d288fed1a9a7942586d5e72bf296f748862659cb19329b71d917718dd58cb2  3784ma.260518.epkg.Z     key_4K_w_csum


            These sums should match exactly. The OpenSSL signatures in the tar file and on this advisory can also be used to verify the integrity of the fixes.  If the sums or signatures cannot be confirmed, contact IBM Support at http://ibm.com/support/ and describe the discrepancy.         
 
            openssl dgst -sha256 -verify [pubkey_file] -signature [advisory_file].sig [advisory_file]
 
            openssl dgst -sha256 -verify [pubkey_file] -signature [ifix_file].sig [ifix_file]

            Published advisory OpenSSL signature file location:
 
            https://aix.software.ibm.com/aix/efixes/security/curl_advisory10.asc.sig

        B. FIX AND INTERIM FIX INSTALLATION

            If possible, it is recommended that a mksysb backup of the system 
            be created. Verify it is both bootable and readable before
            proceeding.

            To preview a fix installation:

            installp -a -d fix_name -p all  # where fix_name is the name of the
                                            # fix package being previewed.
            To install a fix package:

            installp -a -d fix_name -X all  # where fix_name is the name of the
                                            # fix package being installed.

            Interim fixes have had limited functional and regression
            testing but not the full regression testing that takes place
            for Service Packs; however, IBM does fully support them.

            Interim fix management documentation can be found at:
            https://www.ibm.com/support/pages/managing-interim-fixes-aix

            To preview an interim fix installation:

            emgr -e ipkg_name -p         # where ipkg_name is the name of the
                                         # interim fix package being previewed.

            To install an interim fix package:

            emgr -e ipkg_name -X         # where ipkg_name is the name of the
                                         # interim fix package being installed.

Workarounds and Mitigations

None

Get Notified about Future Security Bulletins

References

Off

Acknowledgement

Change History

01 Jul 2026: Initial Publication

*The CVSS Environment Score is customer environment specific and will ultimately impact the Overall CVSS Score. Customers can evaluate the impact of this vulnerability in their environments by accessing the links in the Reference section of this Security Bulletin.

Disclaimer

According to the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST), the Common Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS) is an "industry open standard designed to convey vulnerability severity and help to determine urgency and priority of response." IBM PROVIDES THE CVSS SCORES ""AS IS"" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, INCLUDING THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. CUSTOMERS ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR ASSESSING THE IMPACT OF ANY ACTUAL OR POTENTIAL SECURITY VULNERABILITY. In addition to other efforts to address potential vulnerabilities, IBM periodically updates the record of components contained in our product offerings. As part of that effort, if IBM identifies previously unidentified packages in a product/service inventory, we address relevant vulnerabilities regardless of CVE date. Inclusion of an older CVEID does not demonstrate that the referenced product has been used by IBM since that date, nor that IBM was aware of a vulnerability as of that date. We are making clients aware of relevant vulnerabilities as we become aware of them. "Affected Products and Versions" referenced in IBM Security Bulletins are intended to be only products and versions that are supported by IBM and have not passed their end-of-support or warranty date. Thus, failure to reference unsupported or extended-support products and versions in this Security Bulletin does not constitute a determination by IBM that they are unaffected by the vulnerability. Reference to one or more unsupported versions in this Security Bulletin shall not create an obligation for IBM to provide fixes for any unsupported or extended-support products or versions.

Document Location

Worldwide

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Document Information

Modified date:
01 July 2026

Initial Publish date:
01 July 2026

UID

ibm17278678