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If you need to check that an attribute (field) exists on an object (MBO) or not, then you may use the following python code pieces in your Automation Scripts:

Alternative 1:

mboValueData = mbo.getMboValueData(['ATTRIBUTENAME'])
if mboValueData[0] is not None:
    mbo.setValue("ATTRIBUTENAME", "NEWVALUE")

Alternative 2:

from psdi.security import UserInfo
from psdi.server import MXServer

mxServer = MXServer.getMXServer()
userInfo = mbo.getUserInfo()
objectName = mbo.getName()

attrSet = mxServer.getMboSet("MAXATTRIBUTE", userInfo)
attrSet.reset()
attrSet.setWhere("objectname = '" + objectName + "' and attributename = 'ATTRIBUTENAME'" )

if(not attrSet.isEmpty()):
    mbo.setValue("ATTRIBUTENAME", "NEWVALUE")

PS: There are other methods in Maximo framework in order to do the same check, but they return "Attribute {0} does not exist" exception and they require error handling. So the two alternatives above are the easier options.