Floating-point types

Floating-point type specifiers fall into the following categories:
  • Real floating-point types
  • Complex floating-point types

Real floating-point types

Generic, or binary, floating-point types consist of the following:
  • float
  • double
  • long double
Begin IBM extension Decimal floating-point types consist of the following:
  • _Decimal32
  • _Decimal64
  • _Decimal128
Note: In order for the _Decimal32, _Decimal64, and _Decimal128 keywords to be recognized, you must compile with the DFP compiler option. See DFP compiler option in the z/OS XL C/C++ User's Guide for details.
End IBM extension
The magnitude ranges of the real floating-point types are given in the following table.
Table 1. Magnitude ranges of real floating-point types
Type Range
FLOAT(HEX):
float 5.397605-79 - 7.23700575
double 5.397605-79 - 7.23700675
long double 5.397605-79 - 7.23700675
FLOAT(IEEE):
float 1.175494-38 - 3.40282338
double 2.225074-308 - 1.797693308
long double 3.362103-4932 - 1.1897314932
DFP:
_Decimal32 0.000001-95 to 9.99999996
_Decimal64 0.000000000000001-383 to 9.999999999999999384
_Decimal128 0.000000000000000000000000000000001-6143 to 9.9999999999999999999999999999999996144
If a floating-point constant is too large or too small, the result is undefined by the language.

z/OS only Note that z/OS® XL C/C++ supports IEEE binary floating-point variables as well as IBM® z/Architecture® hexadecimal floating-point variables. For details on the FLOAT compiler option, see the z/OS XL C/C++ User's Guide.

The declarator for a simple floating-point declaration is an identifier. Initialize a simple floating-point variable with a float constant or with a variable or expression that evaluates to an integer or floating-point number.

IBM extension You can use decimal floating-point types with any of the operators that are supported for binary floating-point types. You can also perform implicit or explicit conversions between decimal floating-point types and all other integral types, generic floating-point types, or packed decimals. However, there are restrictions on the use of decimal floating-point types with other arithmetic types as follows:
  • You cannot mix decimal floating-point types with generic floating-point types or complex floating-point types in arithmetic expressions, unless you use explicit conversions.
  • Implicit conversion between decimal floating-point types and real binary floating-point types is only allowed via assignment, with the simple assignment operator =. Implicit conversion is performed in simple assignments, which also include function argument assignments and function return values. See Floating-point conversions for details.
End IBM extension

Complex floating-point types

Complex floating-point types are introduced in the C99 standard. C++ onlyThe z/OS XL C/C++ compiler supports this feature as an IBM extension. C++ onlyThe complex floating-point type specifiers are as follows:
  • float _Complex
  • double _Complex
  • long double _Complex

The representation and alignment requirements of a complex type are the same as an array type containing two elements of the corresponding real type. The real part is equal to the first element; the imaginary part is equal to the second element.

The equality and inequality operators have the same behavior as for real types. None of the relational operators may have a complex type as an operand.

IBM extensionAs an extension to C99, complex numbers may also be operands to the unary operators ++ (increment), -- (decrement), and ~ (bitwise negation).IBM extension