Any arguments that follow an alias are treated just as if they had been following the command that the alias stands for. For example, if you define the alias f as follows:

alias f "ls"

the shell replaces f with ls, which is the command to list files in a directory.

You can refer to arguments in an alias by simply adding them at the end of the alias as you would with a command. For example:

f -la

would perform the ls command with the arguments la, which will list all the files in the directory in a long directory listing format. And,

f /bin

will list the contents of the /bin directory.