Example: Generic client

The client job is not aware that the data buffer it sent and received is going to a worker job rather than the server. If you want to create a client application that works whether the server uses the AF_INET address family or AF_INET6 address family, use the IPv4 or IPv6 client example.

This client job works with each of these common connection-oriented server designs:

• An iterative server. See Example: Writing an iterative server program.
• A spawn server and worker. See Example: Using the spawn() API to create child processes.
• A sendmsg() server and rcvmsg() worker. See Example: Server program used for sendmsg() and recvmsg().
• A multiple accept() design. See Example: Server program to create a pool of multiple accept() worker jobs.
• A nonblocking I/O and select() design. See Example: Nonblocking I/O and select().
• A server that accepts connections from either an IPv4 or IPv6 client. See Example: Accepting connections from both IPv6 and IPv4 clients.

Socket flow of events: Generic client

The following example program uses the following sequence of API calls:

1. The socket() API returns a socket descriptor, which represents an endpoint. The statement also identifies that the INET (Internet Protocol) address family with the TCP transport (SOCK_STREAM) is used for this socket.
2. After the socket descriptor is received, the connect() API is used to establish a connection to the server.
3. The send() API sends the data buffer to the worker jobs.
4. The recv() API receives the data buffer from the worker jobs.
5. The close() API closes any open socket descriptors.

/**************************************************************************/
/* Generic client example is used with connection-oriented server designs */
/**************************************************************************/
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

#define SERVER_PORT  12345

main (int argc, char *argv[])
{
   int    len, rc;
   int    sockfd;
   char   send_buf[80];
   char   recv_buf[80];
   struct sockaddr_in6   addr;

   /*************************************************/
   /* Create an AF_INET6 stream socket              */
   /*************************************************/
   sockfd = socket(AF_INET6, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
   if (sockfd < 0)
   {
      perror("socket");
      exit(-1);
   }

   /*************************************************/
   /* Initialize the socket address structure       */
   /*************************************************/
   memset(&addr, 0, sizeof(addr));
   addr.sin6_family      = AF_INET6;
   memcpy(&addr.sin6_addr, &in6addr_any, sizeof(in6addr_any));
   addr.sin6_port        = htons(SERVER_PORT);

   /*************************************************/
   /* Connect to the server                         */
   /*************************************************/
   rc = connect(sockfd,
                (struct sockaddr *)&addr,
                sizeof(struct sockaddr_in6));
   if (rc < 0)
   {
      perror("connect");
      close(sockfd);
      exit(-1);
   }
   printf("Connect completed.\n");

   /*************************************************/
   /* Enter data buffer that is to be sent          */
   /*************************************************/
   printf("Enter message to be sent:\n");
   gets(send_buf);

   /*************************************************/
   /* Send data buffer to the worker job            */
   /*************************************************/
   len = send(sockfd, send_buf, strlen(send_buf) + 1, 0);
   if (len != strlen(send_buf) + 1)
   {
      perror("send");
      close(sockfd);
      exit(-1);
   }
   printf("%d bytes sent\n", len);

   /*************************************************/
   /* Receive data buffer from the worker job       */
   /*************************************************/
   len = recv(sockfd, recv_buf, sizeof(recv_buf), 0);
   if (len != strlen(send_buf) + 1)
   {
      perror("recv");
      close(sockfd);
      exit(-1);
   }
   printf("%d bytes received\n", len);

   /*************************************************/
   /* Close down the socket                         */
   /*************************************************/
   close(sockfd);
}