Accessibility features help users who have physical disabilities
such as restricted mobility or limited vision use software products
successfully. The accessibility features in z/OS can help users do
the following tasks:
Run assistive technology such as screen readers and screen magnifier
software.
Operate specific or equivalent features by using the keyboard.
Customize display attributes such as color, contrast, and font
size.
Consult assistive technologies
Assistive technology products, such as screen readers function, with
the user interfaces found in z/OS.
Consult the product information for the specific assistive technology
product that is used to access z/OS interfaces.
Keyboard navigation of the user interface
You can access z/OS user interfaces with TSO/E or ISPF. The following
information describes how to use TSO/E and ISPF, including the use of
keyboard shortcuts and function keys (PF keys). Each guide includes the
default settings for the PF keys.
Syntax diagrams are provided in dotted decimal format for users
who access IBM Knowledge Center
with a screen reader. In dotted decimal format, each syntax element
is written on a separate line. If two or more syntax elements are
always present together (or always absent together), they can appear
on the same line because they are considered a single compound syntax
element.
Each line starts with a dotted decimal number; for example, 3 or 3.1 or 3.1.1.
To hear these numbers correctly, make sure that the screen reader
is set to read out punctuation. All the syntax elements that have
the same dotted decimal number (for example, all the syntax elements
that have the number 3.1) are mutually exclusive
alternatives. If you hear the lines 3.1 USERID and 3.1
SYSTEMID, your syntax can include either USERID or SYSTEMID,
but not both.
The dotted decimal numbering level denotes the level of nesting.
For example, if a syntax element with dotted decimal number 3 is followed
by a series of syntax elements with dotted decimal number 3.1, all
the syntax elements numbered 3.1 are subordinate to the syntax element
numbered 3.
Certain words and symbols are used next to the dotted decimal numbers
to add information about the syntax elements. Occasionally, these
words and symbols might occur at the beginning of the element itself.
For ease of identification, if the word or symbol is a part of the
syntax element, it is preceded by the backslash (\)
character. The * symbol is placed next to a dotted
decimal number to indicate that the syntax element repeats. For example,
syntax element *FILE with dotted decimal number 3 is
given the format 3 \* FILE. Format 3* FILE indicates
that syntax element FILE repeats. Format 3*
\* FILE indicates that syntax element * FILE repeats.
Characters such as commas, which are used to separate a string
of syntax elements, are shown in the syntax just before the items
they separate. These characters can appear on the same line as each
item, or on a separate line with the same dotted decimal number as
the relevant items. The line can also show another symbol to provide
information about the syntax elements. For example, the lines 5.1*,
5.1 LASTRUN, and 5.1 DELETE mean that if you use more than
one of the LASTRUN and DELETE syntax
elements, the elements must be separated by a comma. If no separator
is given, assume that you use a blank to separate each syntax element.
If a syntax element is preceded by the % symbol,
it indicates a reference that is defined elsewhere. The string that
follows the % symbol is the name of a syntax fragment
rather than a literal. For example, the line 2.1 %OP1 means
that you must refer to separate syntax fragment OP1.
The following symbols are used next to the dotted decimal numbers.
? indicates an optional syntax element
The question mark (?) symbol indicates an optional
syntax element. A dotted decimal number followed by the question mark
symbol (?) indicates that all the syntax elements
with a corresponding dotted decimal number, and any subordinate syntax
elements, are optional. If there is only one syntax element with a
dotted decimal number, the ? symbol is displayed
on the same line as the syntax element, (for example 5? NOTIFY).
If there is more than one syntax element with a dotted decimal number,
the ? symbol is displayed on a line by itself, followed
by the syntax elements that are optional. For example, if you hear
the lines 5 ?, 5 NOTIFY, and 5 UPDATE,
you know that the syntax elements NOTIFY and UPDATE are
optional. That is, you can choose one or none of them. The ? symbol
is equivalent to a bypass line in a railroad diagram.
! indicates a default syntax element
The exclamation mark (!) symbol indicates a default
syntax element. A dotted decimal number followed by the ! symbol
and a syntax element indicate that the syntax element is the default
option for all syntax elements that share the same dotted decimal
number. Only one of the syntax elements that share the dotted decimal
number can specify the ! symbol. For example, if you hear the lines 2?
FILE, 2.1! (KEEP), and 2.1 (DELETE), you know that (KEEP) is
the default option for the FILE keyword. In the example,
if you include the FILE keyword, but do not specify
an option, the default option KEEP is applied. A
default option also applies to the next higher dotted decimal number.
In this example, if the FILE keyword is omitted,
the default FILE(KEEP) is used. However, if you hear
the lines 2? FILE, 2.1, 2.1.1! (KEEP), and 2.1.1
(DELETE), the default option KEEP applies
only to the next higher dotted decimal number, 2.1 (which
does not have an associated keyword), and does not apply to 2?
FILE. Nothing is used if the keyword FILE is
omitted.
* indicates an optional syntax element that is repeatable
The asterisk or glyph (*) symbol indicates a syntax element that
can be repeated zero or more times. A dotted decimal number followed
by the * symbol indicates that this syntax element can be used zero
or more times; that is, it is optional and can be repeated. For example,
if you hear the line 5.1* data area, you know that
you can include one data area, more than one data area, or no data
area. If you hear the lines 3* , 3 HOST, 3 STATE,
you know that you can include HOST, STATE, both together,
or nothing.
Notes:
If a dotted decimal number has an asterisk (*) next to it and
there is only one item with that dotted decimal number, you can repeat
that same item more than once.
If a dotted decimal number has an asterisk next to it and several
items have that dotted decimal number, you can use more than one item
from the list, but you cannot use the items more than once each. In
the previous example, you can write HOST STATE,
but you cannot write HOST HOST.
The * symbol is equivalent to a loopback line
in a railroad syntax diagram.
+ indicates a syntax element that must be included
The plus (+) symbol indicates a syntax element
that must be included at least once. A dotted decimal number followed
by the + symbol indicates that the syntax element must be included
one or more times. That is, it must be included at least once and
can be repeated. For example, if you hear the line 6.1+ data
area, you must include at least one data area. If you hear
the lines 2+, 2 HOST, and 2 STATE, you know that
you must include HOST, STATE, or both. Similar to
the * symbol, the + symbol can repeat
a particular item if it is the only item with that dotted decimal
number. The + symbol, like the * symbol,
is equivalent to a loopback line in a railroad syntax diagram.