Paired-Samples T Test

One of the most common experimental designs is the "pre-post" design. A study of this type often consists of two measurements taken on the same subject, one before and one after the introduction of a treatment or a stimulus. The basic idea is simple. If the treatment had no effect, the average difference between the measurements is equal to 0 and the null hypothesis holds. On the other hand, if the treatment did have an effect (intended or unintended!), the average difference is not 0 and the null hypothesis is rejected.

The Paired-Samples T Test procedure is used to test the hypothesis of no difference between two variables. The data may consist of two measurements taken on the same subject or one measurement taken on a matched pair of subjects.

Additionally, the procedure produces:

• Descriptive statistics for each test variable
• The Pearson correlation between each pair and its significance
• A confidence interval for the average difference (95% or a value you specify)

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