Defining the SQL communication area in C and C++ applications that use SQL

When using the SQLCA, a C or C++ program that contains SQL statements must include one or both of the following:

• An SQLCODE variable declared as long SQLCODE
• An SQLSTATE variable declared as char SQLSTATE[6]

Or,

• An SQLCA (which contains an SQLCODE and SQLSTATE variable).

The SQLCODE and SQLSTATE values are set by the database manager after each SQL statement is run. An application can check the SQLCODE or SQLSTATE value to determine whether the last SQL statement was successful.

You can code the SQLCA in a C or C++ program directly or by using the SQL INCLUDE statement. When coding it directly, initialize the SQLCA using the following statement:

struct sqlca sqlca = {0x0000000000000000};

Using the SQL INCLUDE statement requests the inclusion of a standard declaration:

  EXEC SQL INCLUDE SQLCA ;

A standard declaration includes a structure definition and a data area that are named sqlca.

The SQLCODE, SQLSTATE, and SQLCA variables must appear before any executable statements. The scope of the declaration must include the scope of all SQL statements in the program.

The included C and C++ source statements for the SQLCA are:

  struct sqlca {
                unsigned char sqlcaid[8];
                long          sqlcabc;
                long          sqlcode;
                short         sqlerrml;
                unsigned char sqlerrmc[70];
                unsigned char sqlerrp[8];
                long          sqlerrd[6];
                unsigned char sqlwarn[11];
                unsigned char sqlstate[5];
               };
  #define SQLCODE sqlca.sqlcode
  #define SQLWARN0 sqlca.sqlwarn[0]
  #define SQLWARN1 sqlca.sqlwarn[1]
  #define SQLWARN2 sqlca.sqlwarn[2]
  #define SQLWARN3 sqlca.sqlwarn[3]
  #define SQLWARN4 sqlca.sqlwarn[4]
  #define SQLWARN5 sqlca.sqlwarn[5]
  #define SQLWARN6 sqlca.sqlwarn[6]
  #define SQLWARN7 sqlca.sqlwarn[7]
  #define SQLWARN8 sqlca.sqlwarn[8]
  #define SQLWARN9 sqlca.sqlwarn[9]
  #define SQLWARNA sqlca.sqlwarn[10]
  #define SQLSTATE sqlca.sqlstate
  struct sqlca sqlca = {0x0000000000000000};