American National Standard Code for Information Interchange
In addition to the EBCDIC mode, your z/VSE system accepts magnetic tape files that are written in ASCII, a 128-character 7-bit code.
The high-order bit in this 8-bit environment is zero. ASCII is based on the specifications of the American National Standards Institute, Inc.
z/VSE processes ASCII files in EBCDIC with the help of two translate tables, which reside in the SVA. Using these tables, logical IOCS translates from ASCII to EBCDIC all data as it is read into the I/O area. For ASCII output, logical IOCS translates data from EBCDIC to ASCII just before writing the record.
Table 1 shows the relative bit positions of the ASCII character set. An ASCII character is described by its column/row position in the table. The columns across the top of the figure list the three high-order bits. The rows along the left side of the figure are the four low-order bits.
For example, the letter P in ASCII is under column 5 and row 0 and is described in ASCII notation as 5/0. ASCII 5/0 and EBCDIC X'50' represent the same binary configuration (B'01010000'). However, P graphically represents this configuration in ASCII and & in EBCDIC. ASCII notation is always expressed in decimal. For example, the ASCII Z is expressed as 5/10 (not 5/A).
b7 ───────────────>
b6 ───────────────> b5 ───────────────> |
0
0 0 |
0
0 1 |
0
1 0 |
0
1 1 |
1
0 0 |
1
0 1 |
1
1 0 |
1
1 1 |
|||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B
i t s3 |
b4
↓ |
b3
↓ |
b2
↓ |
b1
↓ |
Column
─────> - - - - - Row ↓ |
0
|
1
|
2
|
3
|
4
|
5
|
6
|
7
|
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | NUL | DLE | SP | 0 | @ | P | ˋ | p | |
0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | SOH | DC1 | !1 | 1 | A | Q | a | q | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 2 | STX | DC2 | " | 2 | B | R | b | r | |
0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ETX | DC3 | # | 3 | C | S | c | s | |
0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 4 | EOT | DC4 | $ | 4 | D | T | d | t | |
0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 5 | ENQ | NAK | % | 5 | E | U | e | u | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 6 | ACK | SYN | & | 6 | F | V | f | v | |
0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 | BEL | ETB | ' | 7 | G | W | g | w | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 8 | BS | CAN | ( | 8 | H | X | h | x | |
1 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 9 | HT | EM | ) | 9 | I | Y | i | y | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 10 | LF | SUB | * | : | J | Z | j | z | |
1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 11 | VT | ESC | + | ; | K | [ | k | { | |
1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 12 | FF | FS | , | < | L | \ | l | ¦ | |
1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 13 | CR | GS | - | = | M | ] | m | } | |
1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 14 | SO | RS | . | > | N | ‸2 | n | ~ | |
1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 15 | SI | US | ⁄ | ? | O | _ | o | DEL |
1 | The graphic | (Logical OR) can also be used instead of ! (Exclamation Point). |
---|---|
2 | The graphic ¬ (Logical NOT) can also be used instead of ‸ (Circumflex). |
3 | The 7 bit ASCII code expands to 8 bits when in storage by adding a high order 0 bit. |
EXAMPLE: The number sign (#) is represented internally as '00100011' |
Control Character Representations | Special Graphic Character | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
NUL | Null | DLE | Data Link Escape (CC) | SP | Space | < | Less Than |
SOH | Start of Heading (CC) | DC1 | Device Control 1 | ! | Exclamation Point | = | Equals |
STX | Start of Text (CC) | DC2 | Device Control 2 | | | Logical OR | > | Greater Than |
ETX | End of Transmission (CC) | DC3 | Device Control 3 | " | Quotation Marks | ? | Question Mark |
EOT | End of Transmission (CC) | DC4 | Device Control 4 | # | Number Sign | @ | Commercial At |
ENQ | Enquiry (CC) | NAK | Negative Acknowledge (CC) | $ | Dollar Sign | [ | Opening Bracket |
ACK | Acknowledge (CC) | SYN | Synchronous Idle (CC) | % | Percent | \ | Reverse Slant |
BEL | Bell | ETB | End of Transmission Block (CC) | & | Ampersand | ] | Closing Bracket |
BS | Backspace (FE) | CAN | Cancel | ' | Apostrophe | ‸ | Circumflex |
HT | Horizontal Tabulation (FE) | EM | End of Medium | ( | Opening Parenthesis | ¬ | Logical NOT |
LF | Line Feed (FE) | SUB | Substitute | ) | Closing Parenthesis | _ | Underline |
VT | Vertical Tabulation (FE) | ESC | Escape | * | Asterisk | ˋ | Grave Accent |
FF | Form Feed (FE) | FS | File Separator (IS) | + | Plus | { | Opening Brace |
CR | Carriage Return (FE) | GS | Group Separator (IS) | , | Comma | ¦ | Vertical Line |
SO | Shift Out | RS | Record Separator (IS) | - | Hyphen (Minus) | (This graphic is | |
SI | Shift In | US | Unit Separator (IS) | . | Period (Decimal Point) | stylized to | |
DEL | Delete | ⁄ | Slant | distinguish it | |||
(CC) | Communication Control | : | Colon | from Logical OR) | |||
(FE) | Format Effector | ; | Semicolon | } | Closing Brace | ||
(IS) | Information Separator | ~ | Tilde |
ASCII | EBCDIC | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Char | Col | Row | Bit Pattern | Col (Hex) | Row (Hex) | Bit Pattern |
Comments
|
||
NUL | 0 | 0 | 0000 | 0000 | 0 | 0 | 0000 | 0000 | |
SOH | 0 | 1 | 0000 | 0001 | 0 | 1 | 0000 | 0001 | |
STX | 0 | 2 | 0000 | 0010 | 0 | 2 | 0000 | 0010 | |
ETX | 0 | 3 | 0000 | 0011 | 0 | 3 | 0000 | 0011 | |
EOT | 0 | 4 | 0000 | 0100 | 3 | 7 | 0011 | 0111 | |
ENQ | 0 | 5 | 0000 | 0101 | 2 | D | 0010 | 1101 | |
ACK | 0 | 6 | 0000 | 0110 | 2 | E | 0010 | 1110 | |
BEL | 0 | 7 | 0000 | 0111 | 2 | F | 0010 | 1111 | |
BS | 0 | 8 | 0000 | 1000 | 1 | 6 | 0001 | 0110 | |
HT | 0 | 9 | 0000 | 1001 | 0 | 5 | 0000 | 0101 | |
LF | 0 | 10 | 0000 | 1010 | 2 | 5 | 0010 | 0101 | |
VT | 0 | 11 | 0000 | 1011 | 0 | B | 0000 | 1011 | |
FF | 0 | 12 | 0000 | 1100 | 0 | C | 0000 | 1100 | |
CR | 0 | 13 | 0000 | 1101 | 0 | D | 0000 | 1101 | |
SO | 0 | 14 | 0000 | 1110 | 0 | E | 0000 | 1110 | |
SI | 0 | 15 | 0000 | 1111 | 0 | F | 0000 | 1111 | |
DLE | 1 | 0 | 0001 | 0000 | 1 | 0 | 0001 | 0000 | |
DC1 | 1 | 1 | 0001 | 0001 | 1 | 1 | 0001 | 0001 | |
DC2 | 1 | 2 | 0001 | 0010 | 1 | 2 | 0001 | 0010 | |
DC3 | 1 | 3 | 0001 | 0011 | 1 | 3 | 0001 | 0011 | |
DC4 | 1 | 4 | 0001 | 0100 | 3 | C | 0011 | 1100 | |
NAK | 1 | 5 | 0001 | 0101 | 3 | D | 0011 | 1101 | |
SYN | 1 | 6 | 0001 | 0110 | 3 | 2 | 0011 | 0010 | |
ETB | 1 | 7 | 0001 | 0111 | 2 | 6 | 0010 | 0110 | |
CAN | 1 | 8 | 0001 | 1000 | 1 | 8 | 0001 | 1000 | |
EM | 1 | 9 | 0001 | 1001 | 1 | 9 | 0001 | 1001 | |
SUB | 1 | 10 | 0001 | 1010 | 3 | F | 0011 | 1111 | |
ESC | 1 | 11 | 0001 | 1011 | 2 | 7 | 0010 | 0111 | |
FS | 1 | 12 | 0001 | 1100 | 1 | C | 0001 | 1100 | |
GS | 1 | 13 | 0001 | 1101 | 1 | D | 0001 | 1101 | |
RS | 1 | 14 | 0001 | 1110 | 1 | E | 0001 | 1110 | |
US | 1 | 15 | 0001 | 1111 | 1 | F | 0001 | 1111 | |
SP | 2 | 0 | 0010 | 0000 | 4 | 0 | 0100 | 0000 | |
I1 | 2 | 1 | 0010 | 0001 | 4 | F | 0100 | 1111 | Logical OR |
" | 2 | 2 | 0010 | 0010 | 7 | F | 0111 | 1111 | |
# | 2 | 3 | 0010 | 0011 | 7 | B | 0111 | 1011 | |
$ | 2 | 4 | 0010 | 0100 | 5 | B | 0101 | 1011 | |
% | 2 | 5 | 0010 | 0101 | 6 | C | 0110 | 1100 | |
& | 2 | 6 | 0010 | 0110 | 5 | 0 | 0101 | 0000 | |
' | 2 | 7 | 0010 | 0111 | 7 | D | 0111 | 1101 | |
( | 2 | 8 | 0010 | 1000 | 4 | D | 0100 | 1101 | |
) | 2 | 9 | 0010 | 1001 | 5 | D | 0101 | 1101 | |
* | 2 | 10 | 0010 | 1010 | 5 | C | 0101 | 1100 | |
+ | 2 | 11 | 0010 | 1011 | 4 | E | 0100 | 1110 | |
, | 2 | 12 | 0010 | 1100 | 6 | B | 0110 | 1011 | |
- | 2 | 13 | 0010 | 1101 | 6 | 0 | 0110 | 0000 | Hyphen, Minus |
. | 2 | 14 | 0010 | 1110 | 4 | B | 0100 | 1011 | |
/ | 2 | 15 | 0010 | 1111 | 6 | 1 | 0110 | 1001 | |
0 | 3 | 0 | 0011 | 0000 | F | 0 | 1111 | 0000 | |
1 | 3 | 1 | 0011 | 0001 | F | 1 | 1111 | 0001 | |
2 | 3 | 2 | 0011 | 0010 | F | 2 | 1111 | 0010 | |
3 | 3 | 3 | 0011 | 0011 | F | 3 | 1111 | 0011 | |
4 | 3 | 4 | 0011 | 0100 | F | 4 | 1111 | 0100 | |
5 | 3 | 5 | 0011 | 0101 | F | 5 | 1111 | 0101 | |
6 | 3 | 6 | 0011 | 0110 | F | 6 | 1111 | 0110 | |
7 | 3 | 7 | 0011 | 0111 | F | 7 | 1111 | 0111 | |
8 | 3 | 8 | 0011 | 1000 | F | 8 | 1111 | 1000 | |
9 | 3 | 9 | 0011 | 1001 | F | 9 | 1111 | 1001 | |
: | 3 | 10 | 0011 | 1010 | 7 | A | 0111 | 1010 | |
; | 3 | 11 | 0011 | 1011 | 5 | E | 0101 | 1110 | |
< | 3 | 12 | 0011 | 1100 | 4 | C | 0100 | 1100 | |
= | 3 | 13 | 0011 | 1101 | 7 | E | 0111 | 1110 | |
> | 3 | 14 | 0011 | 1110 | 6 | E | 0110 | 1110 | |
? | 3 | 15 | 0011 | 1111 | 6 | F | 0110 | 1111 | |
@ | 4 | 0 | 0100 | 0000 | 7 | C | 0111 | 1100 | |
A | 4 | 1 | 0100 | 0001 | C | 1 | 1100 | 0001 | |
B | 4 | 2 | 0100 | 0010 | C | 2 | 1100 | 0010 | |
C | 4 | 3 | 0100 | 0011 | C | 3 | 1100 | 0011 | |
D | 4 | 4 | 0100 | 0100 | C | 4 | 1100 | 0100 | |
E | 4 | 5 | 0100 | 0101 | C | 5 | 1100 | 0101 | |
F | 4 | 6 | 0100 | 0110 | C | 6 | 1100 | 0110 | |
G | 4 | 7 | 0100 | 0111 | C | 7 | 1100 | 0111 | |
H | 4 | 8 | 0100 | 1000 | C | 8 | 1100 | 1000 | |
I | 4 | 9 | 0100 | 1001 | C | 9 | 1100 | 1001 | |
J | 4 | 10 | 0100 | 1010 | D | 1 | 1101 | 0001 | |
K | 4 | 11 | 0100 | 1011 | D | 2 | 1101 | 0010 | |
L | 4 | 12 | 0100 | 1100 | D | 3 | 1101 | 0011 | |
M | 4 | 13 | 0100 | 1101 | D | 4 | 1101 | 0100 | |
N | 4 | 14 | 0100 | 1110 | D | 5 | 1101 | 0101 | |
O | 4 | 15 | 0100 | 1111 | D | 6 | 1101 | 0110 | |
P | 5 | 0 | 0101 | 0000 | D | 7 | 1101 | 0111 | |
Q | 5 | 1 | 0101 | 0001 | D | 8 | 1101 | 1000 | |
R | 5 | 2 | 0101 | 0010 | D | 9 | 1101 | 1001 | |
S | 5 | 3 | 0101 | 0011 | E | 2 | 1110 | 0010 | |
T | 5 | 4 | 0101 | 0100 | E | 3 | 1110 | 0011 | |
U | 5 | 5 | 0101 | 0101 | E | 4 | 1110 | 0100 | |
V | 5 | 6 | 0101 | 0110 | E | 5 | 1110 | 0101 | |
W | 5 | 7 | 0101 | 0111 | E | 6 | 1110 | 0110 | |
X | 5 | 8 | 0101 | 1000 | E | 7 | 1110 | 0111 | |
Y | 5 | 9 | 0101 | 1001 | E | 8 | 1110 | 1000 | |
Z | 5 | 10 | 0101 | 1010 | E | 9 | 1110 | 1001 | |
[ | 5 | 11 | 0101 | 1011 | 4 | A | 0100 | 1010 | |
\ | 5 | 12 | 0101 | 1100 | E | 0 | 1110 | 0000 | Reverse Slant |
] | 5 | 13 | 0101 | 1101 | 5 | A | 0101 | 1010 | |
¬2 | 5 | 14 | 0101 | 1110 | 5 | F | 0101 | 1111 | Logical NOT |
_ | 5 | 15 | 0101 | 1111 | 6 | D | 0110 | 1101 | |
ˋ | 6 | 0 | 0110 | 0000 | 7 | 9 | 0111 | 1001 | Grave Accent |
a | 6 | 1 | 0110 | 0001 | 8 | 1 | 1000 | 0001 | |
b | 6 | 2 | 0110 | 0010 | 8 | 2 | 1000 | 0010 | |
c | 6 | 3 | 0110 | 0011 | 8 | 3 | 1000 | 0011 | |
d | 6 | 4 | 0110 | 0100 | 8 | 4 | 1000 | 0100 | |
e | 6 | 5 | 0110 | 0101 | 8 | 5 | 1000 | 0101 | |
f | 6 | 6 | 0110 | 0110 | 8 | 6 | 1000 | 0110 | |
g | 6 | 7 | 0110 | 0111 | 8 | 7 | 1000 | 0111 | |
h | 6 | 8 | 0110 | 1000 | 8 | 8 | 1000 | 1000 | |
i | 6 | 9 | 0110 | 1001 | 8 | 9 | 1000 | 1001 | |
j | 6 | 10 | 0110 | 1010 | 9 | 1 | 1001 | 0001 | |
k | 6 | 11 | 0110 | 1011 | 9 | 2 | 1001 | 0010 | |
l | 6 | 12 | 0110 | 1100 | 9 | 3 | 1001 | 0011 | |
m | 6 | 13 | 0110 | 1101 | 9 | 4 | 1001 | 0100 | |
n | 6 | 14 | 0110 | 1110 | 9 | 5 | 1001 | 0101 | |
o | 6 | 15 | 0110 | 1111 | 9 | 6 | 1001 | 0110 | |
p | 7 | 0 | 0111 | 0000 | 9 | 7 | 1001 | 0111 | |
q | 7 | 1 | 0111 | 0001 | 9 | 8 | 1001 | 1000 | |
r | 7 | 2 | 0111 | 0010 | 9 | 9 | 1001 | 1001 | |
s | 7 | 3 | 0111 | 0011 | A | 2 | 1010 | 0010 | |
t | 7 | 4 | 0111 | 0100 | A | 3 | 1010 | 0011 | |
u | 7 | 5 | 0111 | 0101 | A | 4 | 1010 | 0100 | |
v | 7 | 6 | 0111 | 0110 | A | 5 | 1010 | 0101 | |
w | 7 | 7 | 0111 | 0111 | A | 6 | 1010 | 0110 | |
x | 7 | 8 | 0111 | 1000 | A | 7 | 1010 | 0111 | |
y | 7 | 9 | 0111 | 1001 | A | 8 | 1010 | 1000 | |
z | 7 | 10 | 0111 | 1010 | A | 9 | 1010 | 1001 | |
{ | 7 | 11 | 0111 | 1011 | C | 0 | 1100 | 0000 | |
│ | 7 | 12 | 0111 | 1100 | 6 | A | 0110 | 1010 | Vertical Line |
} | 7 | 13 | 0111 | 1101 | D | 0 | 1101 | 0000 | |
~ | 7 | 14 | 0111 | 1110 | A | 1 | 1010 | 0001 | Tilde |
DEL | 7 | 15 | 0111 | 1111 | 0 | 7 | 0000 | 0111 |
1 The graphic ! (Exclamation Point) can be used instead of | (Logical OR). 2 The graphic ‸ (Circumflex) can be used instead of ¬ (Logical NOT).