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Modularization of XHTML

Nicholas Chase (ibmquestions@nicholaschase.com), Freelance Writer
Nicholas Chase has been involved in Web site development for companies such as Lucent Technologies, Sun Microsystems, Oracle, and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Nick has been a high school physics teacher, a low-level radioactive waste facility manager, an online science fiction magazine editor, a multimedia engineer, an Oracle instructor, and the Chief Technology Officer of an interactive communications company. He is the author of several books, including XML Primer Plus (Sams). He is also a partner in InterSection Unlimited, which specializes in creating Second Life content and applications. You can find him in-world as Chase Marellan.

Summary:  In this tutorial, build your understanding of the modularization of XHTML. With this knowledge, you can use a subset of XHTML, or you can add your own tags to create your own markup language variants.

Date:  23 Oct 2001
Level:  Introductory
PDF:  A4 and Letter (90 KB | 30 pages)Get Adobe® Reader®

Activity:  9050 views
Comments:  

Building a MemoryML document

The basic document

Based on the structure we've defined, a simple file that uses the new elements and incorporates them into an XHTML page might look like this:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "xhtml-memory-1.dtd">
<html>
<head><title>Sample Page</title></head>
<body>
<p><a href="newpage.mml"><subject>Pitching a tent</subject></a></p>

<ul>
<li><subject>Pitching a tent</subject></li>
<li><subject>Baseball game</subject></li>
</ul>

   <video tapeid="A323">
      <media mediaid="A323" type="VHS"/>
      <start>0:00:00</start>
      <end>32:12:45</end>
      <subdate>2001-05-23</subdate>
      <donor>John Baker</donor>
      <subject>Pitching a tent</subject>
      <location><description>Outside in the woods</description></location>
   </video>
   <audio tapeid="C531">
      <media mediaid="C531" type="DAT"/>
      <start>12:09:23</start>
      <end>58:34:51</end>
      <subdate>2001-05-18</subdate>
      <donor>Elizabeth Davison</donor>
      <subject>Baseball Game</subject>
   </audio>
</body>
</html>

Notice that the page uses the new DTD. In this case, no namespace information is provided because it's not necessary.

Prefixing the new elements

Some cases might require that namespace information be provided. Because the internal DTD subset always takes precedence, it's easy to use it to turn on prefixing. Remember %Memory.prefixed;? Turn it on here and it overrides any other settings.

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE html SYSTEM "xhtml-memory-1.dtd"[
    <!ENTITY % Memory.prefixed "INCLUDE">
    <!ENTITY % Memory.prefix "mem">
]>
<html xmlns:mem="http://www.my.org/namespaces/MemoryML>
<head><title>Sample Page</title></head>
<body>
<p><a href="newpage.mml"><mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject></a></p>

<ul>
<li><mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject></li>
<li><mem:subject>Baseball game</mem:subject></li>
</ul>

   <mem:video tapeid="A323">
      <mem:media mediaid="A323" type="VHS"/>
      <mem:start>0:00:00</mem:start>
      <mem:end>32:12:45</mem:end>
      <mem:subdate>2001-05-23</mem:subdate>
      <mem:donor>John Baker</mem:donor>
      <mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject>
      <mem:location><mem:description>Outside in the woods</mem:description></mem:location>
   </mem:video>
   <mem:audio tapeid="C531">
      <mem:media mediaid="C531" type="DAT"/>
      <mem:start>12:09:23</mem:start>
      <mem:end>58:34:51</mem:end>
      <mem:subdate>2001-05-18</mem:subdate>
      <mem:donor>Elizabeth Davison</mem:donor>
      <mem:subject>Baseball Game</mem:subject>
   </mem:audio>
</body>
</html>

Notice also that the prefix in this file is different from the one specified in the original Qnames module. This is not a problem. Like the prefix switch, this value takes precedence over any others.

A similar method turns on all prefixing.

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Prefixing all elements

Turning on all prefixing is as simple as changing the default prefixing setting:

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE xhtml:html SYSTEM "xhtml-memory-1.dtd"[
     <!ENTITY % NS.prefixed "INCLUDE"> 
    <!ENTITY % XHTML.prefix "xhtml" >
    <!ENTITY % Memory.prefix "mem">
]>
<xhtml:html xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
            xmlns:mem="http://www.my.org/namespaces/MemoryML">
<xhtml:head><xhtml:title>Sample Page</xhtml:title></xhtml:head>
<xhtml:body>
<xhtml:p>
<xhtml:a href="newpage.mml"><mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject></xhtml:a></xhtml:p>

<xhtml:ul>
<xhtml:li><mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject></xhtml:li>
<xhtml:li><mem:subject>Baseball game</mem:subject></xhtml:li>
</xhtml:ul>

   <mem:video tapeid="A323">
      <mem:media mediaid="A323" type="VHS"/>
      <mem:start>0:00:00</mem:start>
      <mem:end>32:12:45</mem:end>
      <mem:subdate>2001-05-23</mem:subdate>
      <mem:donor>John Baker</mem:donor>
      <mem:subject>Pitching a tent</mem:subject>
      <mem:location><mem:description>Outside in the woods</mem:description></mem:location>
   </mem:video>
   <mem:audio tapeid="C531">
      <mem:media mediaid="C531" type="DAT"/>
      <mem:start>12:09:23</mem:start>
      <mem:end>58:34:51</mem:end>
      <mem:subdate>2001-05-18</mem:subdate>
      <mem:donor>Elizabeth Davison</mem:donor>
      <mem:subject>Baseball Game</mem:subject>
   </mem:audio>
</xhtml:body>
</xhtml:html>

Notice also that because %Memory.prefixed; inherits the value of %NS.prefixed; it does not need to be set separately.

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