If your PHP applications perform beyond CRUD operations, chances are you have worked with XML. Navigating an XML document or data stream for the desired data elements can be cumbersome, though, and even somewhat intimidating for PHP developers. It can be especially overwhelming when the XML data structure is complex. XPath is a W3C standard whose sole purpose is just that -- getting to the right data element, or, specifically, the desired node. PHP supports XPath as part of its XML classes and functions. In this article you explore some basic scenarios for locating information in XML and how XPath can do the hard work for you in your PHP applications.
View entire articleThe type-aware and schema-aware features of XSLT 2.0 can greatly assist you when you debug a stylesheet, and improve stylesheet quality and robustness in handling all input data. Learn how to use type-aware and schema-aware XSLT 2.0 during the debugging and testing process to avoid common issues with invalid paths, incorrect assumptions about data types, and cardinalities. Also, find examples of XSLT stylesheets that contain errors that would not be caught if schema-aware features were not in use, and discover how explicitly specifying types results in useful error messages.
View entire articleIn Part 2 of this series, learn about mining association rules from XML documents. Mining association rules from XML documents is different from mining rules from relational data. Information can be structured differently in XML because of the language's flexibility and hierarchical organization. This article also introduces the notion of dynamic association rules. You'll explore an approach to mining XML association rules when the underlying XML documents change without a full re-run of the association rules discovery algorithm.
View entire articleSimilar to the task of mining association rules from an XML document, clustering XML documents is different from clustering relational data because of the specific structure of the XML format, its flexibility, and its hierarchical organization. Learn about clustering XML documents as a major task in XML data mining in this third article in a series on XML data mining.
View entire articleXML is used for data representation, storage, and exchange in many different arenas. This series explores one facet of XML data analysis: XML data mining. In this first article, get an introduction to some techniques and approaches for mining hidden knowledge from XML documents. Learn about mining data, the hierarchical structure of the information, and the relationships between elements. Subsequent articles will cover mining XML association rules and clustering multi-version XML documents.
View entire articleAndroid, the most commonly used smartphone platform, also functions on mobile tablets. XML is the standard medium of data exchange. You can use the same builder, parser, and transformer APIs for standard XML parsing and transformation and for Android. In this article, create and parse an XML document on an Android device using a DocumentBuilder object obtained from a DocumentBuilderFactory. You'll parse the XML document using an extension of an XML pull parser.
View entire articleEPUB 3.0, which is the latest revision of the industry-standard XML e-book format, jumps into modern web technology by embracing HTML5 and CSS3. It retains its focus on XML-driven toolkits by requiring XHTML serialization and adding supplementary XML vocabularies, such as MathML and SVG. EPUB 3 offers a variety of options for developing advanced, digital-native publications. In this article, learn to create rich-layout pages using some new features in EPUB 3.
View entire articleAs the name suggests, Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformations (XSLT) can be used as a stylesheet. Like Cascading Style Sheets (CSS), XSLT helps to separate style from content. You can simplify and enrich your XHTML documents with XSLT, which relieves the XHTML document of navigation. In this article, learn how to use XSLT as stylesheets, which can be executed on the server or in every modern Internet browser. Several examples show how to start developing your own XSLT stylesheets.
View entire articlePart 1 of this series showed how to use microdata with Schema.org terms so search engines can display your content better in search results. It also showed how to reuse that same microdata markup to improve the display on your own site. In this article, learn to use microdata to enable a collaborating group of site owners to easily hook up their sites and share content on a centralized site.
View entire articleThe microdata specification lists two reasons why you might want to use microdata: To allow generic scripts to provide services that are customized to the page or to enable content from a variety of cooperating authors to be processed by a single script in a consistent manner. In this two-part series, learn to use microdata in both of these ways, starting with generic scripts on top of microdata. In this article, you will write one snippet of HTML to give you both an interactive event map and to enable Google, Bing, and Yahoo to display your page better in search results with Rich Snippets.
View entire articleMost programmers think the XQuery language was developed to satisfy a niche market: A data querying and transformation language designed to handle XML data. In the case of relational databases, the prevailing practice is to use SQL for non-XML data and use XQuery for XML. This article makes the case that the powerful programming constructs available in the XQuery language make it a better programming language than SQL, and that this improvement in expressiveness and ease of use is enough to warrant the design of databases with an increasing emphasis on XML data types.
View entire articleThe XML format is a common standard for document and message exchange. Learn how to use WebSphere Transformation Extender to easily migrate legacy data to XML. WebSphere Transformation Extender separates data transformation logic and business flow logic, which can save on maintenance costs. Walk through a scenario that includes examples and source code. Create a WebSphere Transformation Extender map to retrieve legacy data from a database and transform it to an XML file.
View entire articleScalable Vector Graphics (SVG) are part of the vector family of graphics. They have several benefits over their raster counterparts: JPEG, GIF, and PNG. In this article, explore the basic concepts and usage of SVG graphics in HTML5. Learn about drawing, filters, gradients, text, and adding SVG XML to web pages.
View entire articleXML is best suited to storing data, so it's inevitable that at some point someone will ask you to pull information from a database and manipulate it as though it were XML. This tutorial will teach you to access a database using JDBC and use SQL to pull information, which you will then use to build an XML Document using a predetermined mapping.
View entire articleThe pureXML capabilities of IBM DB2 allow you to store XML natively in a database without modification, while Adobe Flex applications can read XML directly and populate Flex user interfaces. In this three-part article series, you will create a microblogging application that takes advantage of pureXML, Web services, and Adobe Flex; and even allows you to publish your microblogging updates on Twitter.
View entire articleThe IMS Question and Test Interoperability (QTI) specification is a widely used standard for marking up questions and other learning material. Look at the response and result processing for a QTI item and learn what happens when a user answers a question.
View entire articleLearn how to publish XML documents in HTML and PDF using the css2xslfo utility.
View entire articleResource Description Framework (RDF) is the standard framework for the Semantic Web and a recommended framework for the Linked Data movement. This article details the most recent updates to and implications of the RDF concept specification. It also covers some new ontology specifications such as data cataloging vocabularies and RDF database mapping systems.
View entire articleLearn to build an iOS slideshow application as you walk through the process step-by-step in this article. The example application will communicate with a web server to retrieve an XML slideshow definition and display the images contained in the slideshow.
View entire articleWelcome, authors! This article shows how to prepare technical articles, tutorials, and knowledge paths for publication on the developerWorks site. The steps are simple. You download our XML-based template for articles or for tutorials, fill in the template using any validating XML editor or your preferred Microsoft Windows or Linux text editor, check it to ensure it follows the tagging structure as defined in the developerWorks schema, and preview your article or tutorial. Tips for composing your content and submitting it to the developerWorks staff are also included.
View entire articleWith Google, Yahoo, and Bing's announcement of schema.org, microdata is quickly gaining ground as a way to create applications that rely on data from many different websites. In this article, learn how to use Drupal to add microdata to your pages. Easily make your content available for use in applications such as Google's Rich Snippets.
View entire articleIt's simple to introduce mistakes that go unnoticed in XSLT stylesheets. Neither static nor dynamic error checking helps: Only thorough functional testing will reveal them. XSLT 2.0 introduced several new options and possibilities, and you can use some of them to make your stylesheets safer and your testing easier. Discover these XSLT 2.0 features, such as the type system, to add otherwise-impossible error checking to your stylesheets.
View entire articleThe ACORD Transactional/Business Wrapper (TXLife) XML specification is the preferred data format for internal and external data integration within the life, annuities, and health insurance industry. The standard is broad and flexible. Learn the structure of ACORD TXLife messages, the challenges implementers face, and the tools and techniques that you can use to successfully implement the standard.
View entire articleAccess a JAX-RS web service with the Apache HttpClient library. Jersey, a reference implementation for JAX-RS, simplifies development of RESTful web services in the Java environment. Android is a popular smartphone and this article shows you how to create a JAX-RS client for Android. You'll create an Apache HttpClient library client to a JAX-RS web service.
View entire articleFor all of XML's good points -- flexibility and adaptability, to name two -- it is a verbose metalanguage. The size of XML files can impede the efficient interchange of and access to data, especially when sending files to web services. Data compression plays a significant role in optimizing XML. This knowledge path introduces both the theoretical and the practical details of data compression. This knowledge path is designed for those who are new to XML and application development.
View entire articleBlogger is a free, popular blogging platform that lets users create their own weblogs, and post messages and news, through a WYSIWYG editing interface. With the Blogger Data API, which is REST-based, you can access Blogger content through any XML-compliant programming toolkit. In this article, learn how to use the Blogger Data API to list blog content, add or edit blog posts, and manipulate blog comments with the Zend Framework's Zend_Gdata component. You'll build a simple application that demonstrates the power of the Blogger API.
View entire articleDevelop online applications that are both thumb and user friendly for the mobile environment with PHP, XML, jQuery, jQuery mobile, and jQuery charting. In this article, build the back end and front end of a polling application that uses charting to show the results of each poll.
View entire articleAt the 2011 XML Prague conference, Dr. Michael Kay, the principal developer of the Saxon XSL/XQuery parser, unveiled Saxon-CE, a client-side XSLT 2.0 parser that runs using JavaScript in the web browser. Learn how you can use XSLT 2.0 and Saxon-CE to build an application view for a simple healthcare application that works from a clinical document written using Health Level 7 Clinical Document Architecture (HL7 CDA).
View entire articleThe Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a unique world-wide repository of structural data about proteins. The PDB data is available in XML format in order to provide flexibility, extensibility, and ease of data exchange in the biological research community. Analyzing data in the PDB can help explain diseases, develop new drugs, or understand the interactions between different proteins. However, one of the key challenges is to efficiently store and query this information to find and extract information and correlations of interest. This article describes how to use the hybrid capabilities of DB2 ? relational and pureXML features ? to manage and analyze PDB data.
View entire articlexdotool is a helpful library of instructions that allows programmers to emulate keystrokes and mouse actions. The particular strength of the tool comes when the keyboard or mouse is absent or in accessibility situations where the user is not physically able to employ regular input methods. This article has two goals: first, to provide an introduction to the use of xdotool in a Linux desktop environment, and second, to use voice input to trigger actions typically done through hardware input. A concluding example uses XML to store xdotool-oriented code fragments for insertion into auto-generated dialog manager code.
View entire articleIn EPUB documents, you cannot detect some problems with normal validation methods. As long as the document validates as well-formed XML and follows the EPUB standard, it can appear to be correct but might not read correctly in an e-Reader. Examples include broken paragraphs, bad page numbering, and spelling errors caused by OCR scanning. But you can view and correct errors using two methods: with the EPUB editor Sigil and with PHP in combination with SimpleXML and the Enchant libraries. Regular expressions provide the key to efficient processing.
View entire articleBuild the back end of a multiplayer, network-enabled tic-tac-toe game with a native Android front-end application in this article.
View entire articleIncreasingly, Representational State Transfer (REST) has become the preferred way of communicating in today's service-oriented architecture environments. There are many services and information sources that can be addressed via a URL and accessed using HTTP. On the other hand, there is still a significant amount of information stored in relational database management systems (RDBMS) -- like DB2. Modern RDMSes provide powerful processing features for relational data (through SQL) and XML data (through SQL/XML or XQuery).
View entire articleIdenti.ca is a popular free microblogging service that allows users to post status messages and news. Web application developers are able to create, access, and search these messages through the Identi.ca API. This two-part article introduces the Identi.ca API and illustrates how you use it with PHP to create dynamic web applications.
View entire articleIdenti.ca is a popular free microblogging service that allows users to post status messages and news. Web application developers are able to create, access, and search these messages through the Identi.ca API. This two-part article introduces the Identi.ca API and illustrates how you use it with PHP to create dynamic web applications.
View entire articleSpring, a platform used to run Java enterprise applications, provides several benefits including increased productivity and runtime performance. Spring Android, an extension of the Spring framework, simplifies the development of Android apps. The main features of Spring Android are a REST client for Android and Auth support for accessing secure APIs. Learn to access a RESTful web service with the Spring Android REST Client.
View entire articleThis article walks you through building the back end and front end of a GPS-enabled web application using PHP.
View entire articleThe art of data mining is a wide field, and mentioning the term to two different developers gives you two very different ideas about it. In this article, you learn what data mining is, its importance, different ways to accomplish data mining (or to create web-based data mining tools) and develop an understanding of XML structure to parse XML and other data in PHP technology.
View entire articleXML is considered a standard for data representation and exchange over the World Wide Web. XML has great flexibility and wide acceptance, but one drawback is the large size of XML documents. This size means that the amount of information that you transmit, process, store, and query is often larger than that of other data formats. You can choose from several XML compression techniques to deal with these problems.This article provides an overview of current XML compression techniques.
View entire articleNeed to distribute documentation, create an eBook, or just archive your favorite blog posts? EPUB is an open specification for digital books based on familiar technologies like XML, CSS, and XHTML, and EPUB files can be read on portable e-ink devices, mobile phones, and desktop computers. This tutorial explains the EPUB format in detail, demonstrates EPUB validation using Java technology, and moves step-by-step through automating EPUB creation using DocBook and Python.
View entire articleWhen you convert existing content to e-book formats, to DITA, or to other structured standards, you often infer and add structure to your documents. The advanced regular expression and grouping capabilities of XSLT 2.0 make it an excellent language for converting and enhancing content. Discover the features of XSLT 2.0 that are most useful when you convert unstructured or semi-structured narrative content to a more structured vocabulary and work through several common scenarios.
View entire articleWalk through the entire process of building PDF files dynamically using PHP. Experiment with open source tools, such as the Free PDF library (FPDF) or PDFLib-Lite, and PHP code for control of the PDF format of your content.
View entire articleExamine the challenges presented by the explosion of data, the analytics thereof, and an introduction to some standards relevant to these challenges. A sample scenario depicts a system where large amounts of data are ingested, understood, and manipulated, and where some specific standards promote integration and interoperability.
View entire articleNeed help converting HTML documents to PDF? This reference guide shows by example how to use XSLT templates to convert 45 commonly used HTML elements to formatting objects (from the XSL-FO vocabulary) for easy transformation to PDF using XSLT. The examples assume that you're using the Java-based XSLT processor Xalan and the Apache XML Project's FOP tool, but most of the methods would work just as well with other tools.
View entire articleManagers regularly provide auditors with supporting documentation. In a paper-based office, this can become an inconvenient and difficult task. Explore how XML, together with PHP and image functions, assists in the auditing process and also provides efficient and comprehensive indexing support to multiple managers.
View entire articleMany developers these days inherit legacy projects, littered with spaghetti code and poor design. The initial task is often to write unit tests and refactor, but how does one get started with writing unit tests with code clearly designed not to? Examine several anti-patterns of testable PHP code, and how to refactor and enable the code to be easily tested.
View entire articleXML is used in many areas ranging from e-commerce and news feeds to search engines. Some of the technologies associated with XML include XSLT, XPath, and XPointer. Increased use of XML emphasizes the need to be aware of its tools and the functionalities that they provide. XML processing includes formatting, parsing, editing, validating, and converting to other forms. Most of the XML tools on the market provide a multitude of functionalities. In this article, explore the various categories of XML tools with suitable examples from different vendors.
View entire articleExamine the use and function of XML in data mining. Get tips and techniques that use XML for pattern matching, change detection, search and similarity detection, data annotation, and semantics.
View entire articleExperiment with using XPath in the five tips in this article. Discover surprising facts about binary logic, and learn how the XPath position() function's value changes depending on its context. Another tip shows how to use XPath to select the first element of a given name. Finally, learn how to debug one of the most common and difficult defects.
View entire articleWikipedia is the ultimate online encyclopedia, containing millions of entries on different aspects of human knowledge. Web application developers are able to access and search these entries through the Wikipedia API. This article introduces the Wikipedia API and demonstrates it in the context of a PHP application, explaining how to search and retrieve different elements of Wikipedia content with PHP.
View entire articleErlang is a multi-purpose programming language that is primarily used for developing concurrent and distributed systems. Learn some of the advanced features and functionality, starting with basic functions and moving on to concurrent programming, processes, and messaging. These work together to support distributed programming, a powerful feature of Erlang.
View entire articleUntil recently, tools for managing controlled vocabularies, taxonomies, and thesauri all stored their data using proprietary formats that made the data difficult to integrate with external systems. The W3C SKOS standard defines a portable, flexible controlled vocabulary format that is increasingly popular, with the added benefit of a good entry-level step toward the use of Semantic Web technology.
View entire articleErlang is a multi-purpose programming language used primarily for developing concurrent and distributed systems. Released as open source in 1998, Erlang has become more popular in recent years thanks to its use in high profile projects, such as the Facebook chat system, and in innovative open source projects, such as the CouchDB document-oriented database management system. In this article, you will learn about Erlang, and how its functional programming style compares with other programming paradigms such as imperative, procedural and object-oriented programming.
View entire articleMany web developers consider security a low priority. Security is frequently relegated to the end of the software development life cycle, as little more than an afterthought. Sometimes, software security is neglected entirely, resulting in applications rife with common vulnerabilities. Because such bugs might manifest only under conditions present during an attack, they can be hard to detect prior to such events without knowledge of how the exploitation process works. Using a web application built with jQuery Mobile, PHP, and MySQL, this tutorial shows how many types of vulnerabilities occur along with common methods of exploitation and, most importantly, their respective countermeasures.
View entire articleWith the introduction of SugarCRM 5.5, the entire web services framework was invigorated not only to add REST support to complement the existing SOAP support, but also to enable developers to customize the web services in an upgrade-safe way to help support their business applications with ease. Out of the box, the SugarCRM REST web service supports using JSON and serialized PHP data as data formats for interacting with these web services. In this article, you can see how easy it is to add XML as another option to send and receive data with your SugarCRM instance.
View entire articleExplore how to combine requirement gathering with documentation that development managers, developers, testers, and technical writers can re-purpose throughout the development cycle. The flexible extension mechanism in Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) is becoming an industry standard for this kind of undertaking. In this article, you create a specialized schema for use case documentation.
View entire articleAdd PHP to an advanced export function in Microsoft Excel to create a flexible pivot table in XML format. Then, you and users can sort and analyze the data in the pivot table on the fly.
View entire articleThe IBM WebSphere Application Server 7.0 Feature Pack for XML 1.0.0.9 Technology Preview offers some major new features, including support for XQuery modules, embedded extension functions, and source location information for runtime errors. These features help developers manage and work with queries and stylesheets, thus improving developer efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.
View entire articleIn the competitive world of software development, it's important to stand above the crowd. Thus there is a need for some standard for measuring how much one knows about XML. IBM offers its own certification program for XML and related technologies, and this article by Pradeep Chopra, cofounder of WHIZlabs Software, shows you some strategies for tackling this exam: Useful pointers, resources, and sample test questions can help get you started on the road to certification success!
View entire articleOn-the-go professionals need access to a consistent and reliable list of contacts on whatever phone they have in hand. Using the example of a MySQL database providing data for a desktop SIP phone and a smart phone, learn to use PHP to output customized XML from the same root database to suit a desktop phone or a smart phone, or both devices simultaneously.
View entire articlelxml is a fast yet flexible library for XML processing in Python. It comes bundled with support for XML Path Language (XPath) and Extensible Stylesheet Language Transformation (XSLT), and it implements the familiar ElementTree API. In this article, you focus both on the ease of use provided by lxml and on its high-performance profile when processing very large XML data.
View entire articlePart 1 of this series introduced the concept of the assembly, a series of steps that perform enrichments and transformations on hierarchical data in InfoSphere DataStage. Part 2 provides a deeper understanding of assembly concepts. Among other ideas, the article describes the assembly data model, the principles of the mappings table, and the use of XSLT within the assembly. In addition, it provides performance guidelines for some complex scenarios.
View entire articleWith the expanding growth of semi-structured and unstructured data (XML) comes the need to categorize and classify content to make querying easier, faster, and more relevant. In this article, try several techniques using XQuery to automatically tag XML documents with content categorization based on the analysis of their content and structure.
View entire articleLearn how to use the XML stage in IBM InfoSphere DataStage 8.5. This article provides step-by-step instructions for importing XML schemas into the Schema Library Manager, parsing XML files, composing XML documents, and writing them into DB2 pureXML.
View entire articleWork through the entire process of building a database access wrapper in PHP for the back end and connecting it to a JavaScript access wrapper at the user interface layer in this article.
View entire articleScalable Vector Graphics (SVG) browsers are becoming mainstream now, and they can be used in many powerful ways. Continuing on from David's earlier SVG column, Dethe looks at some of the ways that declarative markup can replace script for animation and other common scripting tasks. In the process, he briefly looks at replacing script with declarative markup in other XML dialects. Moving common scripting tasks into declarative markup can eliminate the need for tedious boilerplate code, reduce errors, and make your script's intent easier to follow, freeing you to focus on your code's unique aspects.
View entire articleThe oEmbed specification offers a way to display embedded representations of content from third-party content sharing sites in a web page. This article introduces the oEmbed API and demonstrates it in the context of a PHP application, explaining how you can use it to embed content from popular sites like Flickr, YouTube, Slideshare, Wikipedia, and others.
View entire articlejQuery powers many of the sites on the Internet today, providing dynamic user experience in the browser and helping to make traditional desktop applications increasingly rare. Now that browsers found on the major mobile platforms have caught up to desktop browser functionality, the jQuery team has introduced jQuery Mobile, or JQM. The mission of JQM is to bring a universal experience to all major mobile browsers, enabling rich content across the Internet, regardless of the viewing device. This tutorial examines fundamental design concepts around jQuery Mobile in the context of a sales force automation-oriented application. You create an intuitive and visually appealing mobile web application that interacts with an Internet-hosted website to store and manage sales opportunities.
View entire articleTraditionally, healthcare implementation projects use W3C XML Schema Definitions (XSDs) to define the Health Level Seven (HL7) messaging standard. By extending these schemas using the OASIS Content Assembly Mechanism (CAM), generating conformance messages becomes quicker and more reliable. The CAMProcessor, which is part of the jCAM open source project, makes this process of extension easy, so you can focus more business effort on the business rules underlying the HL7 schemas.
View entire articleEXPath is a community-driven effort whose goal is to define common extensions for XML technologies, making it easier for developers to create portable applications using well-defined function libraries. The EXPath HTTP Client module defines a set of functions that enable the sending of HTTP and HTTPS requests. Learn to use this library to interact with HTTP from both XSLT and XQuery, and find out how to test HTTP requests using a primitive HTTP tester utility built with XQuery and the EXPath HTTP Client module.
View entire articleThe image parameters of an IBM Cloud image can be retrieved through a URL called "manifest" that is provided by the image description. The URL returns an XML response. In this article, the author explains how to transform that XML response into a Java-usable response by creating Plain Old Java Objects (POJOs) and calling JAXB's unmarshal method -- once you have this response, it will be easy for you to send requests to create new instances based on images that request parameters from Java classes.
View entire articleAcademic and corporate clients seeking digital journals or other types of web publications regularly require platforms that support standards-based XML. This tutorial explains how to customize a Drupal implementation to develop publications that enable editors, authors, and users to submit and edit content in standards-based XML, where the standard can be enforced using server-side validation settings. For illustrative purposes, the discussion references TEI XML, the markup standard in widespread use in academia.
View entire articleDid you know that you can use jQuery's fast and powerful DOM traversal and manipulation methods to process any XML file? This ability, combined with jQuery's ability to easily load XML files using Ajax, makes this JavaScript library a great choice for building dynamic, XML-based UI applications. In this tutorial, take a closer look at the specifics of this approach and explore its benefits and caveats. Along the way, you get an overview of DOM processing in the browser and discover how useful jQuery's methods can prove when you parse XML. The tutorial also outlines the basic steps in the development of a generic, browser-based live XML editor using the covered techniques.
View entire articleIn this article, explore how XML lends structure to the storage of data relating to a resume. Using elements from the HR-XML and Open Applications Group Integration Specification (OAGIS) projects, build data and stylesheet files to generate an example resume as a PDF file using Apache Formatting Objects Processor (FOP). Particular points of interest include handling multiple namespaces and hints about how to add decoration to the basic PDF through the stylesheet.
View entire articleXML documents created for authoring projects such as help systems, maintenance documentation, and wikis tend to be complex and heavily dependent on inter- and intra-document linking. In this practical guide, create lightweight utilities that help you automate repetitive XML document-creation tasks.
View entire articleUniversities and research institutions use open repositories to make research output available to a worldwide audience. This article introduces some of the standards and describes the technical challenges relating to collecting, storing, preserving, transferring, and providing access to open repositories.
View entire articleOften when people create a vocabulary to describe a problem-space, they find themselves using a taxonomy that divides the problem-space using three levels. For example, in a financial application, a ledger record might be identified categorically (debit or credit) and then broken down within these categories by type and subtype (for instance, "interest accrued due to prior underpayment" might be broken into a triple of credit/interest/underpayment). You can model this sort of structure in XML in a number of ways depending on the requirements of the data, and you can enforce this modeling using a variety of different schema approaches. I describe two schema approaches: W3C XML Schema Definition (XSD) and Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) Content Assembly Mechanism (CAM).
View entire articleTo start coding an XSLT can be intimidating, but if you can answer two simple questions, you are well on your way. With the simple approach this tip presents and about 10 minutes, you can have a much clearer understanding of the fundamentals of transformations.
View entire articleGenericode -- an OASIS specification -- is an XML vocabulary for encoding code lists or authority lists in XML. These lists are usually developed and maintained by business users who are familiar with Microsoft Office solutions but are not proficient in XML technologies. In this article, gain insight into using Microsoft Office Excel 2007 spreadsheets to create and maintain code lists, then use XSLT to convert the spreadsheets to compliant Genericode that applications such as online forms can easily consume.
View entire articleThis is the second in a series of articles discussing technical standards used in education. This article looks at standards used today and their impact on the learning and teaching processes in schools and businesses. The most commonly used standards in education are content packaging standards such as SCORM, IMS CP, and Common Cartridge, which are all covered in this article.
View entire articleIn this article, work through the entire process of building an iPhone chat application from the server all the way to the user interface on the front end.
View entire articleXHTML isn't just well-formed HTML: Certain tags must be properly closed. Improperly closed tags are valid XML, but browsers might incorrectly parse them, causing problems with dynamic Web 2.0 features. Whether transforming XML to XHTML or just filtering XHTML, discover the XSLT templates you need to create correct XHTML that follows W3C-recommended practices for XHTML.
View entire articleYou can incorporate Facebook functionality into your own applications. From the mobile perspective, the Facebook Platform supports APIs for mobile web applications, and mobile SDKs for native mobile applications for the iPhone, iPad, and Android platforms. In this article, explore the Facebook Platform APIs and the Facebook SDK for Android, the SDK released by the Facebook mobile team.
View entire articleGoogle Spreadsheets is a well-known cloud-based spreadsheet application. Web application developers are able to access and search data from online spreadsheets through the Google Spreadsheets Data API. This article introduces the Google Spreadsheets Data API and demonstrates it in the context of a PHP application, explaining how to search and retrieve different elements of spreadsheet content.
View entire articleGoogle Spreadsheets is a well-known cloud-based spreadsheet application. Web application developers are able to access and search data from online spreadsheets through the Google Spreadsheets Data API. This article introduces the Google Spreadsheets Data API and demonstrates it in the context of a PHP application, explaining how to add, modify, and delete different elements of spreadsheet content.
View entire articleLearn to build a charting widget with a very rich customizable presentation where both the charting data and presentation customization are specified in XML. Then learn how to use the data mashup editor from the IBM Mashup Center to generate the XML for such a widget. Finally, build a sample mashup in which the presentation elements vary dynamically with the data.
View entire articleXML is a powerful technology, but it can be misused. In this article, dive into 10 rules, basic dos and don'ts, that you can follow to use XML the best way possible.
View entire articleRead about code lists in XML business documents including the implementation details of UBL code lists and the creation and customization of both internationally and locally controlled code lists.
View entire articleIf you can't find a validating XML editor you like, or prefer not to take the time now to learn how to use one, you can edit the XML for your developerWorks articles and tutorials using your preferred text editor. Ian Shields has created some great tools to help you validate, transform, and preview your article or tutorial. This article shows you how easy it is to use those tools on Microsoft Windows or Linux.
View entire articleThis article provides guidance to database users in choosing XML tools to help them with the new responsibilities that arise now that IBM DB2 can efficiently store and manipulate XML data with pureXML. The size of XML, which can vary from a few kilobytes (KB) to many megabytes (MB) per document instance, and the hierarchical structure creates the need for new tool capabilities to ease the tasks of creating, viewing, editing, and querying XML instances and schemas when using DB2 pureXML. This article reviews the XML capabilities in tools available from IBM for working with XML database objects, the different job roles that are impacted by having XML in the database, and the specific tasks involved. It then describes the key XML-related tasks that arise and outlines which tools provide capabilities to help with those tasks.
View entire articleThe Yahoo! Query Language (YQL) provides a unified interface to multiple third-party web services, allowing you to search, add, update, and delete data through a simple, SQL-like syntax. Combine powerful XML processing tools in PHP with YQL and you can easily add data from online services to a web application quickly, efficiently, and without wading through pages of API documentation.
View entire articleThe ability to store data locally on the mobile device is a critical function for mobile applications that are required to maintain essential information across application-executions or the lifetime of the application. As a developer, you constantly need to store information such as user preferences or application configurations. You must also decide if you need to tap internal or external storage, depending on characteristics, such as access visibility, or if you need to handle more complex, structured types of data. Follow along in this article to learn about Android data storage APIs, specifically the preferences, SQLite, and the internal and external memory APIs.
View entire articleThe Yahoo! Query Language (YQL) provides a unified interface to multiple third-party web services, allowing you to search, add, update, and delete data through a simple, SQL-like syntax. Combine with the powerful XML processing tools in PHP with YQL to easily add data from online services to a web application quickly, efficiently, and without wading through pages of API documentation.
View entire articleTraditional medical record systems are failing to keep up with the increasing demands in healthcare. In this article, we explore the current challenges with traditional, paper-based medical record systems. Using OpenEMR as an example, you will see how modern Electronic Medical Record (EMR) systems fix the problems.
View entire articleWhen you develop Android applications, you must deal with a number of security-related aspects, including application processes and sandboxes, code and data sharing, system protection through application signing, and permissions use. Highlight these aspects of security in Android application development as you work with sample code.
View entire articleThe OASIS Universal Business Language (UBL) is an XML-based technology used for messages and transactions between businesses. In this article, we will examine UBL to illustrate its usefulness, and explore how emerging UBL services can be a disruptive innovation.
View entire articleBuild "instant" style features into your web site with a combination of jQuery, XML, and PHP. You can pick up and use the code that you find in this article as you wish.
View entire articleA variety of plain-text, application-specific formats exists for the definition of non-natural language grammars for the preparation of a voice recognition model. Programmers can use the Speech Recognition Grammar Specification (SRGS) not only to express many of these formats in an open-standards structure, but also to define rules for the dialog manager necessary for interpretation of the output generated by the recognition model. Explore SRGS and Semantic Interpretation for Speech Recognition (SISR)-like methods using PHP in the context of non-natural language-specific grammars in this article.
View entire articleThis article is the second part of a series of articles. The first article focused on augmenting CICS(R) Web services with two general purpose routines (pipeline handlers) that support two scenarios to store and retrieve XML in DB2(R) pureXML. This second part introduces two more scenarios: a service request scenario and a service response scenario. The service request scenario shows how a custom pipeline handler can be introduced to further enhance CICS Web services to store XML data in relational form or in XML form after extracting the XML that represents the business data from the SOAP message. The service response scenario shows how a custom pipeline handler can be introduced to publish relational data as XML, and how XML data can be modified directly through SQL before returning the data in a service response. This article also illustrates how stored XML data can be accessed as relational data through a view for easy placement in a CICS COMMAREA or container. Some sample COBOL source code is included in the Downloads section.
View entire articlePaired with a validating XML editor, Darwin Information Typing Architecture (DITA) provides a useful tool for developing topic-based user documentation that describes how to use your application. With a bit of forethought and planning, you can repurpose these same topics into documents that provide value much earlier in the development process, such as walk-through scripts for use in client demos or acceptance scripts for a manual quality assurance effort.
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